| Ginseng,which is among the best tonics,is the Chinese medicine that can be simultaneously used as both medicine and food..Since ancient times,records of ginseng have been extensive,and ginseng plays an importamt role in central nervous system,cardiovascular system,endocrine system,enhancing immunity,reducing blood sugar level,anti-aging,etc.Red ginseng is the processed product of ginseng after "nine steam nine sun",and its active components and pharmacological effects are different from those of ginseng.Citric acid is an important organic acid,75% of which is used in food industry.Citric acid can prevent pigmentation,reduce fat,and remove phlegm.In this exteriment,using citric acid as a catalyst,we added citric acid in the process of preparing red ginseng,and studied the immunization and anti-fatigue of red ginseng products,which will provide technical support and product support for high-end health food.In this experiment,orthogonal test was used to optimize the content of rare saponins,with citric acid as the catalyst.This test confirmed that the process of catalyzing ginsenoside by citric acid was optimized,resulting in a significant increase in the content of 7 rare saponins.According to the results,citric acid was added in the process of red ginseng to catalyze the chemical composition of RG and RGC and the biological activity of both.With six-year fresh ginseng as raw materials,the traditional red ginseng producing process was improved.Root of six-year fresh ginseng was washed,sliced,mixed,and randomly divided into two portions,samples 1 and 2.Then samples 1 and 2 were respectively steamed in a steamer containing the same volume of water and 8% citric acid for 2h(1300w),dried at 70 for 1.5h(during the same period,sample ℃2 was sprayed with 8% citric acid solution several times),and dried at 70 ℃for 5h,then dried at 55℃.The dried product was pulverized through a 100 mesh sieve to obtain RG and RGC powder as a subsequent pharmacological test.RG and RGC powder were sacrificed by CMCNa,and high,medium and low doses were respectively administrated to mice by gavage.In the immunosuppressive experiment,organ index of the model group was significantly decreased compared with that of the blank control group,which indicated that the modeling was successful.RGC high dose group significantly increased the content of T-SOD in mice,decreased the content of MDA,and was superior to RG groups.RGC high dose group significantly increased the levels of IL-2 and IgG in mice,and was superior to RG groups.RG and RGC groups had some control on the apoptosis of the cells,in which RGC high dose group had the best effct on inhibiting cell apoptosis,and resulted in the lowest rate of apoptosis.The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in the spleen tissue of mice was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The ratio of bcl-2/bax was significantly improved in RGC high dose group.In the anti-fatigue experiment,organ index of the treatment group did not significantly change compared with the blank control group.The weight-bearing swimming of the mice in the administration group was higher than that in the blank control group,and the average weight-bearing swimming time of the mice in the RGC high-dose group was the longest.The content of blood lactate(LD)and the BUN content of urea nitrogen in the mice were decreased compared with the blank control group.The content of LD in the high dose of RGC was the highest,and the content of BUN in the high dose group was the highest.The amount of glycogen reserve in the liver of the administration group showed an increasing trend compared with the blank control group,and the glycogen reserve in the RGC high dose group was the highest.The time of acute cerebral ischemic hypoxia decapitation in the mice was longer than that in the blank control group,and the RGC high dose group had the best effect.In summary,the efficacy of citric acid catalyzed red ginseng is better in immunization and anti-fatigue than red ginseng,providing reference for red ginseng processing methods. |
