| Objective: To investigate the prevalence,influencing factors of atopic dermatitis(AD)in children of 1-7 years old in Shenzhen.The differences between two diagnostic criteria including experienced dermatologists as a golden standard and Williams were compared.Methods: This survey was a time-point investigation.The subjects were children of 1-7 years old in Shenzhen and determined by statistical methods of simple random or systematic sampling and stratified and cluster sampling.Face to face field survey was completed by experienced dermatologists using questionnaire and physical examination.Dermatologists evaluated the severity of each AD patients according to “SCORing Atopic Dermatitis”(SCORAD).Besides,dermatologists evaluated the life quality of the AD patients of 1-2 years old according to “infant's dermatology life quality index”(IDLQI)and the AD patients of more than 2 years old according to “children's dermatology life quality index”(CDLQI).Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS(version 19.0)with P <0.05 being statistically significant for all results.T-test and chi-square test were used.Results: 1511 questionnaires were collected from 1690(89.41%)subjects and seven were excluded because of incompleted data.1504 subjects were enrolled in the study finally.There were 716 males and 788 females and the ratio was 1:1.1.(1)The prevalence percentage of AD : The prevalence percentage of AD was 11.84%(178/1504)by using clinical diagnosis of experienced dermatologists as a golden standard,among which,11.73%(84/716)in male and 11.93%(94/788)in females.A slightly higher prevalence rate of AD was observed in females,but no statistic significance was found(?2 =0.01,P>0.05).The highest prevervalence rate was showed in the group of 1-2 years old.The prevalence percentage was 21.45%(62/289).The proportions of mild and moderate AD was 84.27%(150/178)and 15.73%(28/178).No severe AD was found.Comparatively,prevalence of AD based on Williams diagnostic criteria was 3.92%(59/1504),among which,4.05%(29/716)in males and 3.81%(30/788)in females.The percentages of mild and moderate AD was 61.02%(36/59)and 38.98%(23/59),respectively.There was no severe AD diagnosed,too.(2)Influencing factor of AD: Premature birth was an obvious risk factor for AD(?2 =5.43,P <0.05).Age,height,weight,gender,income,expossing to passive smoking during pregnancy,keeping pets in the first 6 months after birth or during pregnancy,drinking during pregnancy,delivery pattern(natural birth or caesarean birth),feeding pattern in the first 6 months after birth(pure breast milk,milk or mixed feeding)and dietary habit were found had no statistical correlations with AD prevalence(P>0.05).(3)The evaluation of life quality: The average score of IDQOL in the 72 children with AD of 1-2 years old was 3.46.The first three scores of IDQOL items were skin symptoms,sleeping and mood.The average score of CDLQI in the 106 children with AD of more than 2 years old was 2.26.The first three scores of CDLQI items were skin symptoms,sleeping and treatment.Conclusion: The higher prevalence rate of AD is observed among people of 1-7 years old in Shenzhen.Premature birth is a risk factor for AD.Missed diagnosis of mild AD will be reduced by using clinical diagnosis of experienced dermatologists as a golden standard.AD affects the quality of life in patients,especially sleeping and mood.Attenuating symptoms will improve the quality of life.The highest prevalence rate of AD is found in children of 1-2 years old.Thus,early prevention is very important to infants and young children,especially to those with higher risk of AD. |
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