The Study About Early Cognitive Function Of High-risk Population Of The Depression

Background: Depression is a common affective disorder characterized by high prevalence,high relapse,and high suicide rates,and it can affect the social function of patients seriously.The majority of patients with depression have a sub-clinical status before suffering from depression.But it is not clear what warning signals exist in these patients with sub-clinical status.Although many scholars have done a lot of retrospective studies on the first episode of depression,they still can not reach a consensus.At present,it is generally believed that some people with depression may suffer from cognitive impairment,such as attention,executive ability,learning memory,working memory,etc.The depression has a genetic predisposition,neuroticism and depression are cognitive tendency in the first-degree relatives of patients with depression,but also showed more negative cognitive susceptibility,so their first-degree relatives are at high risk of depression.Through analyzing and comparing the difference of symptoms and cognitive function between the first-degree relatives of patients with depression and normal people,we can find the early warning symptoms of depressive patients.Objective: This study were compared and analyzed in terms of early symptoms,psychological status,and cognitive characteristics among people who at high risk for depression,in order to find which early factors can warn the coming of depression,and to provide scientific basis to identify and defense depression.We hope to reduce the incidence of depression and suicide,and improve the life quality of patients by this study.Methods: This study chooses the first-degree relatives of depressed patients as the text group because of their high risk,and chooses a community residents and students as the control group.First,using self-made questionnaire on general information registration for age,gender,education,and then using the observation and interviews by HAMD depression scale on the individual's mental state score,and using the Stroop Color Words Test to evaluate the individual's learning and memory function,using Trail Making Test(TMT),Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST)to assess attention,executive function.We used SPSS16.0 software to analyze the data collected from each stage.Through the analysis of early symptoms and cognitive characteristics of high-risk population of depression,we may look for valuable early warning signals.Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the general information such as age,sex,marriage,education and so on.The total score of the test group was higher than that of the control group.Their scores were significantly different in terms of anxiety/somatization factors,cognitive and sleeping disorder.Compared control group,test group wasn't significantly longer in Trail Making Test(TMT),but was lower in Stroop Color Words Test.In WCST,the test group is lower than the control group in the Categories Completed(CC)and Total Correct Responses(CR),but it is higher than the control group in Total Errors(TE),Preseverative Errors(PE),Nonperseverative Errors(NPE).Conclusion: This study found that the first-degree relatives of depression have more problems of depression and anxiety than other population,mainly concentrated in anxiety/somatization factors,cognitive and sleeping disorder.At the same time,the first-degree relatives of depression may have cognitive impairment in early life,such as information processing speed,attention,executive function and perform the function of inhibition and working memory,and so on.These cognitive impairments may be able to identify early depression and have clinical implications.