An Observational Study Of Factors Related To Dyslipidemia In Elderly Patients In A Physical Examination Center Of A Three Grade Hospital In Qingdao

Objective: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are principal diseases that leading to death in the elderly population,which affect elderly people's living quality,Moreover,with the increase of age,the morbidity and mortality will accordinglyincrease.Since dyslipidemia is an independent and changeable risk factor for the occurrence of atheroscleroticcardiovascular diseases.Massive epidemiologic studies of blood lipid confirmed that dyslipidemia had obvious regional difference and was changed with increase of age.However,since the upper age limits of research subjects(patients with cardiovascular disease or high risk patients)in domestic large-scale epidemiologic researches of blood lipid were mostly below 70 years of age,the research data of the elderly,especially in senile and old female population,were still rare.Different degrees of liver and kidney dysfunction may occur with aging,and elderly people usually have more than one disease and need multiple medications,so the incidence characteristics of dyslipidemia in the elderly people may different from that in non-elderly.Based on the above reasons,investigation of Qingdao elderly people with dyslipidemia was made;distribution of dyslipidemia in elderly people was observed and analysis of the influencing factors of dyslipidemia was made for the sake of filling blanks of clinical data concerning dyslipidemia in the elderly,which would provide the foundation for giving health guidance for patients accordingly in clinical work and designing effective prevention programs.Methods: A total of 1997 elderly people(age?60 years old),who were Qingdao residents(living in Qingdao for at least 2 years)and did physical examinations in the affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September,2015 to July,2016,were enrolled in the study.Questionnaire survey of general information and test of related indicators of all subjects were done by the trained researchers,including body height,weight,SBP,DBP,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,Hcy,FPG and Hb Alc,ALT,AST,GGT,BUN,Cr,UA,MAU,FT4,TSH and Fat.SPSS 19.0 statistical software was applied for the ?2 test,rank-sum test and one-way ANOVA analysis of all the collected observation indicators(including blood lipid composition,age,sex,smoking history,SBP,DBP,BMI,Hcy,FPG,Hb Alc,ALT,AST,GGT,BUN,Cr,UA,MAU,FT4,TSH and Fat).Multiple regression analysis of the screened independent factors related to blood lipid was performed in order to discuss the influencing factors related to dyslipidemia.P<0.05 was considered as statistical significant.Results: A total of 1289 elderly people(age?60 years old)were tested with dyslipidemia in this study,so the morbidity rate of dyslipidemia in elderly people was 64.5%.Rate of abnormal serum lipid in female was higher than that in male and was mainly concentrated in the 66-70 years of age;while,there was no significant gender difference of TG;rate of low HDL-C had no significant difference among different ages.Moreover,this study discovered that the changing trend was not obvious with increase of age.After correction of age,sex and other confounding factors,multi-factor regression analysis of dyslipidemia in elderly people revealed that TC was positively correlated with BMI(P=0.004,?=0.052),Hcy(P=0.048,?=0.044),ALT(P=0.005,?=0.005),GGT(P= 0.0 34,?=0.008)and UA(P=0.002,?=0.003);TG was positively associated with age(P=0.008,?=0.04),BMI(P=0.029,?=0.062),SBP(P=0.020,?=0.014),ALT(P=0.024,?=0.005),GGT(P=0.014,?=0.007),UA(P=0.031,?=0.001)and Fat(P<0.001,?=0.273);HDL-C was negatively correlated with age(P=0.008,?=-0.001),BMI(P=0.008,?=-0.011),SBP(P<0.001,?=-0.039),DBP(P=0.044,?=-0.003),Hcy(P=0.05,?=-0.018),UA(P=0.031,?=-0.001),FT4(P=0.005,?=-0.010)and Fat(P=0.024,?=-0.112);LDL-C was positively associated with SBP(P=0.043,?=0.002),UA(P=0.006,?=0.001)and Cr(P=0.044,?=0.004),but was negatively correlated with Sex(P=0.019,?=-0.104)and ALT(P=0.010,?=-0.003).Correlation of dyslipidemia with smoking was not found in this study.Conclusions: Elderly dyslipidemia rate in female was higher than that in male and was mainly concentrated in the 66-70 years of age;dyslipidemia was related to age,but the changing trend was not obviously changed with increase of age.Moreover,elderly dyslipidemia was also correlated with SBP,DBP,BMI,Hcy,liver function,renal function,thyroid function and fatty liver,but was not related to smoking.Therefore,prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia should be focused on older women.The morbidity of dyslipidemia could be effectively decreased by reducing prevalence rate of HBP,obesity,high Hcy and fatty liver,and improving liver function,renal function and thyroid function.