| Objective: To analyze the physical examination results of people aged 65 and above in a certain area of Bengbu city from 2017 to 2018,in order to understand the health state of the elderly in this area,and investigate the prevalence of various chronic diseases,dyslipidemia and its risk factors of this age group,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of these diseases and the health care management for this population.Methods: A total of 9062 cases aged 65 and over were collected in 7 townships from a district of Bengbu City from 2017 to 2018.The contents include: social demographic data(age,gender,education,marital status,occupation),family history of diseases,and current diseases.All the data were recorded into the basic public health service management platform.Excel was used to establish a database,and SPSS23.0 was applied for statistical analysis.Results: 1.A total of 9,062 elderly community residents were surveyed,including 3,869males(42.7%)and 5,193 females(57.3%),with the largest number of people aged between 65 and 74(64.3%),the highest proportion of junior middle school education(54.2%),and the least professional and technical personnel(11.1%).87.8% of the research subjects were married.2.The mean values of TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C in women were 5.25±3.43mmol/L,1.61±1.41 mmol/L,1.36±0.66mmol/L and 3.09±1.45mmol/L,respectively,higher than those in men(4.80±3.12mmol/L,1.44±1.42mmol/L,1.25±0.47mmol/L and2.83±1.33mmol/L,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).3.The number of cases of hypertension was 2,643,with the prevalence rate of hypertension being 29.2%,among which the prevalence rate of hypertension was higher in males(30.9%)than in females(27.8%),the lowest was 25.5% in the age group of 65-69 years,and the highest was in obese people(38.6%).There were 657 cases of anemia,with the prevalence rate of anemia being 7.3%,and the prevalence rate of anemia was higher in women(4.8%)than in men(3.9%).The prevalence rate of anemia was the lowest in the age group of 65-69 years(5.9%),the highest in the thin population(19.4%),and the lowest in the thin population(6.9%),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).4.The prevalence of high TC,TG and LDL-C in women was 13.6%,14.8% and 13.3%,respectively,which wsa higher than that in men(5.9%,11.4% and 6.6%,respectively),and the prevalence of low HDL-C in men was 32.7%,higher than that in women(25.1%).The difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyper TG was highest in the age group of 8.65-69 years(46.7% and15.7%,respectively),which declined with the increase of age,and was lowest in the group of 85 years old(37.7% and 8.4%).The prevalence rates of dyslipidemia,hyper TG,and low HDL-C were the lowest in the emaciated group(26.3%,1.7%,13.1%,respectively),which showed an increasing trend with the increase of BMI,and the highest in the obese group(50.3%,17.8%,33.9%).The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and hyper TG in central obesity(36.7%,8.8% and 15.9%)was higher than that in the normal population(22.7%,6.6% and 11.2%),and the prevalence of low HDL-C and dyslipidemia in the central obesity population(30.6% and 47.4%)was lower than that in the normal population(26.5% and 42.3%),with statistically significant differences(P<0.001).5.The prevalence of hypertension in regular physical exercise group(33.9%)was higher than that in irregular physical exercise group(26.3%),and the prevalence of anemia in regular physical exercise group(6.2%)was lower than that in irregular physical exercise group(7.9%).The prevalence of hypertension in smoking group(35.2%)was higher than that in non-smoking group(28.6%),and the prevalence of anemia,hyper TC and low HDL-C in smoking group(4.3%,5.9% and 35.5%)was lower than that in non-smoking group(7.5%,10.7% and 27.8%),respectively.The prevalence of hypertension in drinking group(40.8%)was higher than that in non-drinking group(28.4%),and the prevalence of anemia,hyper TC and high LDL-C in drinking group(2.0%,7.1% and 6.9%)was lower than that in non-drinking group(7.6%,10.5% and 10.7%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).6.The highest prevalence rates of hypertension,anemia,hyper TC and high LDL-C in divorced and widowed people were 33.5%,9.6%,12.7% and 13.3%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The highest prevalence rates of hypertension,hyper TC,and high LDL-C were 30.4%,11.3%,and 11.5%,respectively,for those with junior middle school education,while the highest prevalence rates of low HDL-C and dyslipidemia were 31.5% and 46.3%,respectively,for those with primary school education and below,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of hypertension,anemia and high LDL-C in the agricultural,forestry,herdsmen and fishermen was 25.6%,5.9% and 9.3%,respectively;the incidence of dyslipidemia in the agricultural,forestry,herdsmen and fishermen was46.4% and 31.8%,respectively,in the professional and technical personnel(P<0.01).7.The risk of dyslipidemia in the 65-69 age group was 1.358 times higher than that in the above 85 age group(95%CI: 1.190-1.550,P<0.01).Low body mass index and non-central obesity are protective factors for dyslipidemia.Compared with the group with BMI of 18.5~23.9,the OR value of dyslipidemia in the group with BMI<18.5 was0.193(95%CI:0.094-0.394,P<0.001).No alcohol consumption was a risk factor for dyslipidemia,and the OR values were 1.377(95%CI:1.133-1.673),with statistically significant difference(P<0.01).The protective factors for hypertension were male,65-69 years old,occupation of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery,irregular exercise,no drinking,and neutral obesity.The OR values were 0.719(95%CI :0.656-0.788),0.714(95%CI:0.613-0.832),0.631(95%CI:0.563-0.707),0.598(95%CI:0.548-0.654),and0.745(95%CI:0.613-0.906)and 0.506(95% CI: 0.461 0.554).The lower BMI was,the lower the risk of hypertension was.BMI<18.5kg/m2 had the lowest risk,OR was0.193(95% CI :0.094-0.394),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The OR value of professional and technical personnel was 1.220(95%CI: 1.032-1.442),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Male,younger elderly,lower education level and no central obesity are protective factors for diabetes.Among them,in the age multivariate analysis,the risk of diabetes was the lowest between 80 and 84 years old,with an OR value of 0.637(95% CI:0.490-0.872),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Primary school education OR below had the lowest risk of diabetes,with an OR value of 0.733(95%CI:0.629-0.853),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Among the younger elderly,occupation in agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery,overweight/obesity were the protective factors for anemia,and non-drinking was the risk factor for anemia.The OR value was 3.352(95% CI :1.802-6.235),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion:1.The prevalence rate of hypertension is higher in men than in women,the lowest in the age group of 65-69 years,and the highest in obese people.The prevalence of anemia was higher in women than in men,the lowest in the age group of 65-69 years,and the highest in thin people.Thin people have the lowest prevalence of diabetes.The prevalence of high TC,TG and LDL-C in women was higher than that in men,and the prevalence of low HDL-C in men was higher than that in women.Therefore,prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in community residents should be done according to relevant factors such as gender,age and BMI.2.Elderly community residents with high body mass index,central obesity and diabetes are risk factors for dyslipidemia.The investigation subjects in the age group of 65-69 have an increased risk of dyslipidemia,so we should pay close attention to the elderly community residents in the age group of 65-69.3.Central obesity hypertension,diabetes,high TG hematic disease prevalence is higher than normal people,not regular physical exercise crowd of high blood pressure and anemia prevalence rate is higher than regular physical exercise,smoking,drinking hypertension is higher than normal people,we should strengthen health education and intervention of lifestyle and behavior,completes the chronic disease and dyslipidemia prevention and control work,to do "early detection,early diagnosis,early treatment". |
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