| Wuyin could be translated into five tone.Five tone that is“jue zhi gong shang yu”.It is the outline of the ancients know voice and belongs the category of temperament.Huangdi Neijing introduces five tone into Chinese traditional medicine theory and forms a certain system.The study of five tone of TCM is try to research the meaning and application of tone in TCM.According to the objective situation of the topic,this article takes the written records about five tone in literature and history documents before the Qin and Han Dynasties and the ancient medical literatures as the major object.Because the edition age of Huangdi Nei jing should be between the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period,and the Qin and Han Dynasty.For the ancient medical literatures,the writer divided them into three part:Huangdi NeijingNanjing,medical classic annotations,non-class medical.The writer have consult more than 300kinds of ancient books and there are about 50 books record five tone.This thesis consists of six parts.In the first part,there is a brief overview of the meaning and application of five tone according the study of literatures.The second part is the specific state the meaning and applications of five tone in the history literatures.The record is little,but the meaning and application is variety.At first,“Sheng”and“yin”are different in our ancestor' s conception and the five tone is one of the outline of they know voice.The theory produces an effect on five tone of TCM.In terms of the meaning of five tone,it refers to literal meaning,quantitative description,auditory feeling,etc;in terms of the application,it refers to medical,physiognomy,military,politics,etc.The third part introduces the five tone in medical classic,HuangdiNeijing and Nan Jing.Ma Jixing thinks that the system of Huangdi Neijing contains Su Wen,Ling Shu,A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Huangdi Nei jing Taisu.The writer start the research from Su Wen and Ling Shu.According the study,the words about five tone can be roughly divided into three categories:five tone contacting with five elements and five zang-organs;second,"jue zhi gong shang yu" combine with "shang,tai,shao,left,right,pan,tai" and so on,to represent twenty-five kinds of person;third,"jue zhi gong shang yu" combine with "tai,shao,shang" be used in the theory of Yun-Qi.Research shows that the first and second application of five tone is the primitive theory of Huangdi Nei jing and the third one is not,but it is an important part of the theory of TCM' s five tone.There is no no written record of "jue zhi gong shang yu" but "five tone" in Nan Jing.The fourth section shows annotations on ancient essays.The writer have study the major scholiasts.As to explain "jue zhi gong shang yu",most of them refer to Wang Bing,Tang Dynasty doctor,and little present different view.When it comes to the five words be used in kinds of person,the writer have not find any expositor giving clarification and rephrasing statements,especially the record in "five tone and five flavor" of Ling Shu.Besides doctors hold different opinions in clinical practice,physical or pathological.The fifth part shows other ancient books apart from classical ones.In these literatures,the discourses about five tone are multiple compared with classical books.The doctors' theory are mainly basic practice and each one has peculiarity.Fox example,in Li Chan' s opinion,the sound of wood is long and fire dry,soil voiced,gold loud,water pure.In Zhou Xuehai's opinion,the sound of water is round,quick and aflutter;fire is arid;wood is high and fluent;gold is humid;soil is deep.Zhang Jingyue differentiates five tone according to long-short,high-low,pure-voiced of the voice.In clinical practice,doctors always five tone could be used in listen.Just as Sun Simiao speaks in "simple method of cure" of Beiji Qianjinyaofang,"The moderate doctors listen to the sound and the sound belongs to five tone." According to the literatures the writer have refered to,most of the books before Tang Dynasty are quote the record in“instruction of diagnose through sound and color of Bian Que and Hua Tuo" of Mai Jing.Since Song Dynasty,there are many further explanation.Shi Fa believe that every tone have two feature and only when the sound possess both of them,the sound is physiological,wrote in Guide of Examine Patient.Further more some doctors think the diagnose through listen moan,slow-speak,voice just as from the indoor,raving,raving is not the real use of five tone.The last part is conclusion.By studying different,kinds of literatures,the write believe five tone is a way to recognize sound.The theory of TCM' s five tone is built on five tone' s original meaning and combine with the physiological and pathological phenomena of body.TCM's five tone is main about person' s voice."Jue zhi gong shang yu" be used in the theory of Yun-Qi maybe means the sounds of nature or people. |
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