The Hospital Based Retrospective Study Of The Clinical Analysis In Infant Of Diabetic Mothers

ObjectivesThe purpose of the research was to focus on the outcomes of infants born to diabetic mother with special references to their clinical, metabolic and haematological profile.Methods:It was a hospital based retrospective, non-randomized study conducted at department of paediatrics in first affiliated hospital of Kunming medical university. The hospital is a referral tertiary care hospital of Yunnan province. Infants born to diabetic mothers admitted at first affiliated hospital of Kunming medical university during the study period of one year (1st January 2016 to 2nd January 2017) were included in the study. The clinical, metabolic and hematological profile in infants of diabetic mothers and the neonatal outcomes in gestational and pregestational(overt) diabetic mothers were analyzed. 101 neonates born to diabetic mothers were enrolled in the study. Gestational age, birth weight, relevant perinatal history and examination findings were recorded. Blood samples were collected to perform relevant biochemical tests and managed as per unit protocol. Echocardiography was done routinely in most neonates as needed.Results:1. Of the 101 neonates, 95(94.05%)neonates were born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), while the remaining 6 (5.95%) neonates were born to mothers with pregestational (overt) diabetes mellitus (PGDM). 43(42.57%)neonates were male and 58(57.43%) neonates were female. Controlled 44 (43.56%) neonates were normal vaginal delivered and 39 (38.62%) neonates by cesarean section, 18 of them were by forceps. Birth weight between ( 3.0 -4.99)kg were 44 (43.56%)neonates . , Birth weight between( 2.5 -2.99)kg were 25 (24.75%)neonates , Birth weight between( 3.5 - 3.99)kg were 19 (18.81%)neonates , Birth weight between (2.0 -2.49)kg were 9 (8.91%)neonates , Birth weight between ( 4.0 -5.0)kg were 4 (3.97%)neonates .2. 25(24.75%) mothers were insulin controlled while 76 (75.25%) mothers were food /OHA controlled and 96% of them were well glycemic controlled.3. Of 70 neonates, Hypoglycemia was seen in 9 (12.85%) neonates. Of 94 neonates Polycythemia was seen in 8 (8.52%) neonates. Of 49 neonates Abnormal AST was seen in 33(67.35%) neonates and Abnormal ALT was seen in 9 (23.69%) neonates. Whereas of 25 neonates, abnormal urea was seen in 14 (56%) neonates, of 24 neonates abnormal creatinine was seen in 5 (20.83%) neonates. Of 89 neonates occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia was too high in 89 (88.11%) neonates. Of 26 neonates hypocalcemia was seen in 14 (53.84%) of neonates and of 10 neonates hypomagnesemia was seen in 1 (10%) of neonates.4. Of 101 neonates PDA 43.48% , VSD 26.08% , PPHN 17.40% , ASD 13.04%, were seen in neonates born to mother with IDMs .Conclusion1. Hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia remain the most common biochemical and hematological abnormality respectively.2. PDA and VSD form a major proportion of the congenital anomalies seen in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).