The Research On Medical Records In The Republican Period

Medical Records, also called the diagnosis notes,the pulse cases, is the records of the clinical activity of TCM. As an important part of the Chinese medicine literature,the medical treatment is a valuable experience that the medical practitioners have gradually summarized through continuous clinical practice. It is the concrete reflection form of the comprehensive application of theroy, law, formula and medicine,it is the account of medical activities, reflecting the thought activities of the doctor's treatment. As Zhang Tai Yan, a master of TCM, said:"the highest achievement of TCM is the medical Records."In the course of the development in the history of TCM, the medical records of different historical periods have their own development characteristics. There are many differences of the number of medical books and medical records in different historical periods. And there are many different aspects of the medical records.According to the characteristics of every period, the development periods of TCM can be divided into the following four stages, namely the pre-Qin period to Qin and Han dynasties of China, Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang dynasties of China, Song, Jing, Yuan dynasties of China, Ming and qing dynasties of China. According to the four aspects,we can learn the characteristics of every period and understand the context of the development of TCM.And based on this to study, the evolution of the medical records in the Republican Period. Politically, the chaos of war and unrest, and the lack of stability of many policies throughout the republic of China beore 1949AD. Economically,when the Qing dynasty signed a series of unequal treaties, a large number of silver outflow,empty coffers, the property of the people suffer. During the period of the republic of China before 1949AD's national economy is sluggish, slow developmen.In the aspect of culture and science, with the spread of democracy and scientific, changing the way people understand things, influencing the decisions of the government, and intensifying the prevalence of exploration during the Republican Period. In addition,because of the introduction and development of western medicine and the effect of the abolishment of Chinese medicine in Japan, the development of Chinese medicine has become more and more difficult.Under the influence of various social factors in the Republican Period, the medical records are characterized by the following six characteristics. Confluence of Chinese and western medicine.Fristly, the development of the medical records of the Confluence of Chinese and western medicine. The basic starting point should be traditional Chinese medicine of the Confluence of Chinese and western medicine retain their own characteristics, not deviate from the original intention at the same time, actively draw nutrition from western medicine, using medicine to complement and perfect the system of traditional Chinese medicine, the advantages of strong development itself. Mainly for them, on the one hand,in the Confluence of Chinese and western medicine basis on the diagnosis and treatment of development, are often qualitative analysis, the traditional four diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine is often reviled insufficient specific,so that the Confluence of Chinese and western medicine's physicians to urinate into the western medicine, measuring temperature, so as to achieve the quantitative analysis of patients' urine composition, temperature. In the treatise on Chong Ding Guang Wen Re Lun, He Lian Chen put forward the use of western medical instruments to help diagnose the disease. Cao Ying Fu with rhubarb soup of peony generation of western medicine of a knife and treatment of western medicine was diagnosed with a disease of appendicitis, and argues that this soup can remove dirt in the vermiform appendix,with a knife and pliers, without a knife and disadvantages of pliers. In addition, Wu Zhong Ming yi Lu and Xian Dai Yi An Xue Ji, recorded the diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for appendicitis and the medical treatment of gastric cancer. The doctor, kong Bo Hua, also records a doctor's prescription for the disease and uses a western medicine capsule to be used in the case of a capsule, which is used to make the patient take the medicine. On the one hand, to the Confluence of Chinese and western medicine sent the basis of traditional Chinese medicine clinical knowledge of western medicine not only absorb a lot of pharmacology, physiology and pathology of western medicine foundation studies such knowledge in their place.Zhang Xi Chun recorded in medical applications and the west when it comes to his clinical use medicinal herbs of gypsum, using chemical element oxygen, hydrogen,calcium, sulfur, oxygen, hydrogen on gypsum calcined petrolem does not enter the decoction. He is more in the other case, combining western medicine to think that mountain medicine is rich in protein and other nutritive material characteristic, can nourish the spleen to achieve the pharmacological analysis of the purpose of cure.Secondly, The development of the medical records of the science of Chinese medicine. Scientization of traditional Chinese medicine refers to try to use the modern natural science knowledge to the interpretation of TCM, to explore and develop a suitable for the development of TCM, in order to achieve two kinds of medical model.The aim is to make the scientific Chinese medicine a new novel medical model that is different from western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. We can know that the regions to treat the relationship between Chinese and western medicine,is engaged in the research of traditional Chinese medicine should record the basis of traditional Chinese medicine in modern medical knowledge as the main body, namely the western theoretical system in the main position, using it to interpret has the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine. Such as Ding Fu Bao wanted to use western medicine in the process of medical activities, and fused to the western medicine medical tools equipment in diagnosis and treatment, through the joint application of physical and chemical technology, to accurately grasp the cause of disease. This was reflected in his medical treatment, which was examined by the use of X-ray microscopes and other instruments in the clinic, to determine the cause of the diagnosis and to take the medicine. And Liu Yuan lei treated diseases on the basis of the traditional Chinese medicine and used western medicine to cooperate for disease treatment, according to the cough symptoms, importance in determine what kind of disease, from the perspective of disease treatment.Thirdly, The development of the Jing Fang medical mecords in the Republican Period. The Jing Fang medical mecords of this article refer to the formulas of Shang Han Za Bing Lun and Jin Gui Yao Lue. In the Republican Period, due to the prevalence of prosaic and the influence of western medicine in Chinese medicine in modern Chinese medicine, the development of traditional Chinese medicine with the characteristics of the Chinese medicine has been developed. This period of the medical treatment of the party is different from the previous generation of the medical treatment of the party, but has the new characteristics.Such as the clinical practice is more important to the medical eecords,approving the Jing formulas,advocating the use of a large agent, etc. Such as Cao Ying Fu treated the patient in the great heat season with guizhi soup, this case fit for use by the party's dismissed the popular month of summer,not with guizhi soup In addition,approved by party sent advocate using the Fang Jun agent in order to achieve tangible results in the Republican Period. The doctors used the Chinese herbs,such as Wu Tou,Xi Xin,Ban Xia,Wu Zhu Yu,Shui Zhi, Zhe Chong, and so on in the Republican Period. In the medical record of Fu Song Yuan treated a pregnant woman surnamed fu,she often took a cold and siesta in the summer months, and when she reached the middle of the summer, she began to feel pain in her chest and did not alleviate the trend. Fu's diagnosis suggested that the patient's tongue was white and thick,and the pulse was thin,and the pulse was not as pregnant as it was. He judged the reason is that the trapped by the heavy cold of Zhong Yang. The prescription is in cinnamon, wu yu ,each of three cent, the gun ginger, the chuan simple, the sichuan liga, the wood incense ,each one money, the fragrant,the medicine each three money, xuan hu a money five minutes to be treated.Fourier calibrated boldness,be courageous and knowledgeable,without being a patient and his family are pregnant women and advocate light medicine slow pitch fashion at that time, but the treatment based on syndrome differentiation and analysis of the pathogenesis of cold evil heavy trapped di card,so use this collaterals,cold treatment, using drugs such as cinnamon, fructus evodiae, achieved good clinical effect.Fourthly, the development of the medical records of Shang Hai, modern refers to in the specific historical background and conditions, the development of TCM in Shang hai belongs to the category of regional medical schools. TCM has the characteristics of inclusiveness. It is widely accepted the characteristics of the school of medicine of Meng He, the Chinese and western confluence, and the classics.Because of group of Meng He with Shang Hai closes geographical position and of the characteristics of big turnover Shang Hai basis for group of Meng He diagnostic methods. Drugs use light spirit, the so-called light, refers to the nature of medicine slow micro volume, lightweight, spirit refers to the selected drugs, can not only play a role of treatment can also leave evil does not hurt is, no defects, can choose to use.Fifthly, the medical records of the traditional Chinese medical columns. The traditional Chinese medical columns refer to the contents of Chinese medicine, mainly in the journal of Chinese medicine. During the Republican Period's traditional Chinese medical journal column published a large number of famous basis, and founded by doctors and pen, has the very high literature value.Historical value and medical value, but also represents the higher academic level during this period. The columns of TCM, Chinese medicine basis mainly is divided into a famous basis column basis comments on the categories. This period columns of TCM, Chinese medicine basis mainly is divided into a famous basis column basis comments on the categories, such as the basis In addition, the basis of traditional Chinese medical columns also to infectious diseases about opium smoking at the basis of traditional Chinese medicine, and provides a basis of TCM of medicine knowledge.Sixthly, the record form of Chinese medicine records in the Republican Period is mainly referred to in the medical case. In 1924, He Lian Chen was published in the journal of the Shao Xing medical journal. In this article, he founded the unified medical records writing format in order to facilitate the communication of the medical records oriented to the whole country. It is required to divide the writing of the medical records into eight aspects:cause, symptoms, disease, pathological changes,diagnosis, therapy, prescription and care. It pioneered the standardization of traditional Chinese medicine. On the basis of this, he has selected the representative medical case and compiled a book,quan guo ming yi yan an lei bian, from nearly 1000 medical records. But at that time, except the national famous medical record that other doctor's form the basis of record did not form a unified specification, between different subject that even the same subject itself did not form record the basis of the basic program, basis record optional the gender is big, and often record content is not comprehensive, whether it is a basic condition to the patient or symptoms of disease outcomes, also reflects the acknowledgement or diagnosis thinking on prescription medication, always difficult to complete.Medical records, in the form of an instance that generations of physicians clinical experience and interpretation of traditional Chinese medical theory, but also the summary of the specific clinical thinking, and basis of TCM is also an integral part of literature of Chinese medicine. Through the study of Chinese medicine in the Republican Period, this paper makes a more thorough understanding of the evolution of TCM in this period and the cause of its evolution. It provides a reference for the development of modern Chinese medicine.