Study On The Correlation Between Dietary Patterns And Metabolic Diseases Of Uygurs Subjects

Objective:To investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity in Uygur residents and to provide a scientific basis for preventing obesity.Methods: The data(dietary survey,physical examination and biochemical test)of dietary and nutritional status of 515 Uygur residents were analyzed.A comparison of various types of food intake from the survey of residents and the various types of food intake recommended by the Chinese residents’ balanced diet pagoda(2016);Heat and nutrient intake levels were analyzed using the V2.7.13 Nutrition Calculator and compared with the 2013 version of "Dietary Nutrient Reference(DRIs)for Chinese Residents";The establishment of dietary patterns was analyzed by factor analysis and unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between different dietary patterns and metabolic diseases.Statistical analysis using SPSS19.0 statistical software package.Furthermore,compared with the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes(DRIs),subjects’ intakes of energy,vitamin B1,iron reached or got close to the DRIs,carbohydrates,vitamin A,vitamin B2,vitamin C,calcium,zinc intakes were bellowed the DRIs,protein,fat intakes were more than DRIs.The energies from protein and fat were 16.4% and 36.8%,which was higher than those of the recommended ratios,while carbohydrates was bellowed the recommended ratio(46.8%).Results:1.Subjects’ intakes of cereals,fruits,poultry meat reached or got close to the Chinese Food Guide Pagoda,vegetables,eggs and dairy intakes were bellowed the pagoda recommended value;salt,oil intakes were more than the pagoda recommended value.2.There was a positive correlation between energy and BMI,and there was a negative correlation between carbohydrate and TC.There was a negative correlation between vitamin A and HDC-C.There was a negative correlation between vitamin B1 and TC in terms of correlation between nutrient intake and metabolic disease There was a negative correlation between calcium and diastolic blood pressure,HDL-C and FPG,and there was a positive correlation between calcium and diastolic blood pressure,and there was a positive correlation between TC and FPG.3.From the analysis of dietary patterns,Four dietary patterns were identified: grains pattern(food grains other than wheat and rice,vegetables,fruits,meat,poultry,etc),nut pattern(beans and nut,milk and milk products,eggs,meat,fats and oils,etc),staple pattern(rice,wheat,eggs,tea,salt,etc),high-fat pattern(fats and oils,tea,salt,meat,eggs,etc);the staple pattern could increase the risk of obesity(OR=2.626,P<0.05),the high-fat pattern could increase the risk of obesity(OR=3.121,P<0.05),and the grains pattern could reduce the risk of obesity(OR=0.597,P<0.05);Simultaneously,the grains pattern could reduce the risk of hypertension(OR=0.922,P<0.05);the high-fat pattern could increase the risk of hypertension(OR=1.510,P<0.05).Other patterns are not associated with disease.Conclusion: The results showed that residents’ dietary structure is unreasonable,grains pattern analysis showed that miscellaneous grains model was a protective factor for hypertension and obesity,whereas high fat pattern was a risk factor for hypertension and obesity,and staple pattern was also risk factors for obesity,the staple pattern was also the risk factor of obesity.The results suggest that low dietary fiber may be a risk factor for metabolic diseases in Uygur residents and remains to be further studied in the future.We should be through a variety of ways to carry out nutrition education,so that the dietary structure is more reasonable,such as education residents to reduce the intake of oil,salt,eat more fruits and vegetables and coarse grains,eat less rice,etc.,to ensure nutritional balance.