| Tinnitus is defined as the ear or intracranial abnormal auditory perception with the absence of external sound and electrical stimulation,which lasting for more than 5 minutes.The incidence of tinnitus is high.The surveys from United States and Europe in 2003 showed that about 10% to 20% complaints about tinnitus among the patients visited the outpatient of the Otolaryngology Department,and among whom 15% to 20% the tinnitus experienced lasting longer than 5 minutes.In this survey,5% to 10% patients were frequent visitors,and 2%-5% patients were seriously affecting in daily life,sleep,work ability,energy concentration and social activities,and 0.5% to 1%patients were resulted in disability because of the severe tinnitus.Tinnitus brings the patients not only the annoying and boring sound but also the mental and emotional symptoms,which needing special attention.Tinnitus can be classified from several views,subjective and objective tinnitus,Decompensated tinnitus and compensated tinnitus.The US "Clinical Practice Guideline: Tinnitus" in 2014 pointed out that according to duration tinnitus can be divided into following types:1.Recent onset tinnitus: the duration which lasting less than 6 months(acute tinnitus);2.persistent tinnitus: tinnitus lasted for more than 6 months(chronic tinnitus).The diagnosis and treatment principles vary according to the duration of tinnitus.Due to the etiology of tinnitus,the pathogenesis of complex,so tinnitus treatment effect is not satisfactory.Studies have shown that the prognosis of acute tinnitus is better prognosis of chronic tinnitus.Acute tinnitus often given drug treatment,and chronic tinnitus mostly primary tinnitus,not easy to completely eliminate the tinnitus,the clinical use of sound treatment of chronic tinnitus.The pathogenesis embed in different tinnitus varies because of the different causes.In order to explore the characteristics of different duration of tinnitus,this article through the analysis of patients with different duration of tinnitus,acute and chronic tinnitus patients in the etiology,clinical and psychoacoustic characteristics,tinnitus associated with symptoms of different,with a view to the clinical treatment of tinnitus.Provide the basis for improving the clinical curative effect.MethodsSubjects were selected from September 2015 to June 2016 during the visit in Zhengzhou University First Affiliated Hospital of tinnitus in 343 cases of patients.The history of patients with tinnitus,the record of patients in general: the patient's gender,age,duration,tinnitus side,whether the persistence,onset,with the disease,sleep quality: whether to sleep difficulties,dreams,early awake and so on.And by the same qualified professionals for pure tone audiometry,acoustic test,tinnitus match check.The severity of tinnitus was assessed by the "tinnitus disability scale".The anxiety and depression status of tinnitus patients were evaluated by "self-rating anxiety scale" and "depression self-rating scale".According to the results of statistical analysis.Results1.The causes of acute and chronic tinnitus constitute the results: acute tinnitus group,sudden deafness in 94 cases(51.93%),primary tinnitus in 67 cases(37.01%).Chronic tinnitus group,primary tinnitus in 122 cases(75.31%).2.Acute and chronic tinnitus patients in the general clinical features of the results: acute tinnitus group: 97 males(53.59%),70 cases of patients aged 45 to 60 years(38.67%);There were 89 cases(49.17%)of right tinnitus,73 cases(40.33%)of right tinnitus and 137 cases(75.69%)of persistent tinnitus.(48.74%),68 cases(41.98%)of right tinnitus,108 cases of persistent tinnitus and tinnitus(66.67%),In the chronic group,there were 75 cases(46.29%)of males,58 cases(35.80%)of patients aged 45-60 years,66 cases(40.74%)of left tinnitus,68 cases of right tinnitus(41.98%),108 cases of persistent tinnitus and tinnitus(66.67%).There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender,age,tinnitus side and persistent distribution(P> 0.05).3.Acute and chronic tinnitus patients with concomitant symptoms: acute tinnitus with sleep disorders in 82 cases(45.30%),with anxiety symptoms in 38 cases(20.99%),with depression symptoms in 22 cases(12.15%);Patients with chronic tinnitus had 57(35.19%)sleep disorders,17(10.49%)with anxiety,and 39(24.07%)with depressive symptoms.There was no significant difference between the two groups in patients with sleep disorders(P> 0.05).With anxiety and depression were statistically significant(P <0.05).4.Acute and tinnitus psychoacoustic comparison results: acute tinnitus group,hearing loss to low frequency of 68 cases(37.57%),the frequency of tinnitus was 96 cases(53.04%),tinnitus matching loudness ? 5dBSL 90 cases(49.72%).Chronic tinnitus group,hearing loss to low frequency of 26 cases(16.05%),the frequency of tinnitus was 53 cases(32.71%),tinnitus matching loudness ? 5dBSL 87 cases(53.70%).There was significant difference between the two groups in the frequency of hearing loss and the frequency of tinnitus matching(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the distribution of loudness between the two groups(P> 0.05).5.Acute and chronic tinnitus severity comparison results: In the acute group,THI grade was 3 grade has 61 cases(33.70%).In the chronic group,THI grade was 3 grade has 52 cases(32.10%).There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the severity of tinnitus severity(P> 0.05).Conclusions1.Acute and chronic tinnitus patients in the composition of tinnitus different.Acute tinnitus caused by sudden deafness mostly,chronic tinnitus to idiopathic tinnitus.2.Statistics shows the different anxiety or depression between acute and chronic tinnitus.Acute groups are prone to have anxiety,while chronic groups are prone to have depression.3.Tinnitus with sleep disturbances has a large proportion.There is no statistics difference between acute group and chronic group.4.Statistics shows the different frequency and anxiety or depression between acute and chronic tinnitus.These findings help us know more about tinnitus treatment,which is worthy of further investigation. |
PDF Full Text Request