The Study On The Relationship Between Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D₃ Levels And Infant Pneumonia

BackgroundPneumonia is the most common respiratory disease in infants which onset more in the winter and spring pneumonia. It's usually easy to repeated attacks, causing many severe complications and threatening the health of children. How to recognize infants pneumonia earlier and make the right diagnosis of the disease are quiet important, in order to make the correct prognosis of the disease. The growing number of research shows that Vitamin D not only has the physiological functions to maintain the body's metabolism and calcium phosphate in bone health, but also is a new neuroendocrine regulating the body's immune system. ObjectiveOur research selects 62 patients with different level pneumonia severity, testing their level of serum 25-?OH? Vitamin D₃. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between serum 25-?OH? Vitamin D₃ levels and infant pneumonia severity in order to provide consultation for the prevention and assessment of the disease in clinical. To study vitamin D nutritional status and analysis of its factors help to reduce the incidence of infants' malnutrition of vitamin D deficiency and diseases caused by vitamin D deficiency. All the patients were randomized into two groups: vitamin D add-on group and placebo group. 3 months later, all the patients were test for their level of serum 25-?OH? Vitamin D₃. During the 3 months follow up, all the patients were recorded weather they had pneumonia. Thus, we were able to make sure that supplement of vitamin D could reduce the incidence ofpneumonia. Method62 cases of pneumonia infants who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital ofpneumology department were included in our research. 36 cases were male infants and 26 were female. 40 cases including 23 male and 17 female were selected as control group.Infants pneumonia were diagnosed according to the seventh edition of Zhu Fu Tangpractical paidonosology and the severe pneumonia was diagnosed according to the criterion made by the pediatric branch of Chinese medical association respiratory group in 2013. Vitamin D nutritional status is determined by the criterion as follows: 1) serum 25-?OH? Vitamin D<30nmol/L,consider vitamin D deficiency; 2) serum 25-?OH? Vitamin D levels of 30—75nmol/L,consider the relative lack of vitamin D; 3) serum 25-?OH? Vitamin D levels> 75nmol/L,consider a more adequate. pneumonia.Application SPSS 18.0 statistical software for statistical analysis.Homogeneity of varianceand normal distribution test data,measurement data expressed as mean±standard deviation?`x±S?,t-test between the two groups,groups mean difference, normality tests using single factor analysis of variance?one-way ANOVA?,non-normality test applications KW test. Forthe comparison of categorical variables, we used Pearson's chi-square test.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. ResultThe serum level of 25-?OH?D₃ was both lower in common and severe pneumoniagroups than in control group?P<0.05?. What's more, the serum level of 25-?OH?D₃was lower in severe pneumonia group than in common pneumonia group, the significantly difference. The rate of vitamin D deficiency in common and severe pneumonia was both higher than control group?P<0.05?. In term of supplementation of vitamin D, women during pregnancy and infants without insufficient vitamin D are significantly different from women during pregnancy and infants with sufficient vitamin D?P<0.05?. The serum level of 25-?OH?D₃ of women during pregnancy and infants who don't have enough time to have outdoors activities is much lower than those who have enough time to have outdoorsactivities?P<0.05?. The serum level of 25-?OH?D₃ was both lower in vitamin D add-on group than in vitamin D not add-on group?94.01±18.23 nmol/L vs 65.14±16.84 nmol/L, P<0.05?. About 41.9% had at least once pneumonia in vitamin D add-on group, which is significantly lower than the vitamin D not add-on group. However, the time they took to have the first pneumonia had no significantly difference. ConclusionAs an evaluation index, 25-?OH?D₃ makes a lot of sense in the assessment and prevetion of infants pneumonia. In sufficient supplementation of vitamin D and reduced time of outdoor activities of women during pregnancy and infants are significant factors which influence the serum level of 25-?OH?D₃. Supplement of vitamin D for infants can raise the level of 25-?OH?D₃ and reduce the incidence of pneumonia.