A Study On The Relationship Between Regulatory T Cell And Carotid Atherosclerosis

ObjectivesIn order to analyse the relationship between the acute ischemic stroke patients with carotid artery stenosis and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells(Tregs),we detected their percentage of Treg in the peripheral blood.Study the impact of statins on Tregs about patients with CAS. MethodsIn the Department of Neurology of Tianjin Huanhu Hospital,we continuously elected 180 patients who were suffering from ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in 72 hours from March 2015 to December 2015.They underwent head computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging to confirmed acute cerebral infarction.All patients underwent carotid artery ultrasound,andcomputed tomography angiography or MRAto confirmed the presence of CAS.According to the results,we divided the patients into three groups: mild carotid atherosclerosis group,moderate carotid atherosclerosis group and severe carotid atherosclerosis group.Each group has 60 patients.Based on the plaque stability of ultrasound results,we divided the patient group into stable plaque group(52 cases) and the unstable plaque group(128 cases). At the same time,we select sixty volunteers who are undergo a medical examination in the health examination center of our hospital as control group.Their baseline data are similar with other three groups. we Collect biochemical markers and relevant clinical data of all objects of study.We detected the number of Treg,IL-10 and TGF-?1 before and after the treatment of Statins for two weeks.1.We used flow cytometry to test the proportion of Tregs in peripheral blood.We used ELISA method to detect IL-10 and TGF-?1 of peripheral blood plasma.2.We adopted SPSS17.0 for the statistical analysis.Data were assessed with group comparisons of variables using t-tests.Then we evaluated the differences of Tregs,IL-10 and TGF-?1 between different groups. Results1. The h S-CRP, Lp-PLA2 and uric acid levels of unstable plaque group are higher than stable plaque group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The Treg, IL-10, TGF-?1 levels of unstable plaque group are lower than stable plaque group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2. Biochemical and immunological markers of CAS group were higher than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); With the degree of CAS increased,the levels of h S-CRP and Lp-PLA2 increased.3. The IL-10 levels of CAS group were lower than the control group, there is a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);With the CAS aggravation,IL-10 levels were significantly decreased.After the therapy of rosuvastatin for two weeks,IL-10 level of severe CAS group increased, the difference was significant(P<0.05).4. TGF-?1 level of CAS group were lower than control group,there is a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);With the CAS aggravation,TGF-?1 levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05).There is no difference after the treatment of statin(P>0.05).5.Treg in CAS group were lower than the control group.With CAS aggravation, percentage of Treg reduced.After the treatmeng of rosuvastatin for two weeks,the counts of Tregs increased, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions1.Tregs take a role in immune regulation and maintaining immune homeostasis. The more severe carotid stenosis, the lower the percentage of Treg.2. IL-10 and TGF-?1 are secreted by Tregs,they have the effect of suppressing the immune response.3. After therapy of rosuvastatin,Treg, IL-10 were upregulated,which suggesting that statins can anti-inflammatory and maintain plaque stabilization.4. Treg,IL-10 and TGF-?1 can reflect stability of plaque.Thy can be markers of unstable plaque in peripheral blood.5. Dyslipidemia is risk factor for the development of carotid atherosclerosis. Lp-PLA2 as a new inflammatory markers,is a risk factor for promoting atherosclerosis.