Survey Of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages For Inpatients And Its Effect On Metabolism

Objective: Studies have shown that as lifestyle and the structure of deit have changed, including the increase of sugar-sweetened beverages intake, which is closely related to the significant increase prevalence of metabolic disease, such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, etc. However, the research in China is rare. We survey the sugar-sweetened beverages intake situation of inpatients, and explore its influence on related metabolic indicators.Method: 1.We recruited 440 inpatients who were admitted in Tianjin Medical University Metabolic Diseases Hospital during Apr. 2014 to Jan.2016. All inpatients completed a sugar-sweetened beverages self-developed questionnaire after they signed informed consent. The ages were between 18 to 65 years old. 2. Records the following information of the inpatients:(1) the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages.(2) Demographic data: sex, age, course,waist, hip, height, weight, WHR and body mass index(BMI) were calculated;(3) Laboratory parameters: glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(Hb A1c), total cholesterol(CHO), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein(LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein(HDL-c), aspartate transaminase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), fasting plasma glucose(FPG), serum uric acid(SUA), urinary uric acid(UUA), etc. Calculated fractional excretion of uric acid(FEUA), glomerular filtration rate(e GFR), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score(NAFLDFS). 3.Grouping:(1)According to the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, these subjects were divided into three groups: non-intake group, low-intake group and high-intake group;(2)According to the age: 18 to 35-year-old group, 35 to 50-year-old group, 50 to 65-year-old group; 4. statistical method: We use SPSS19.0 statistical software for analysis, and P < 0.05 was statistically significant.Results: 1.We delivered 440 questionnaires. 405 of them were valid, and their baverage age wre 45.15±12.52 years old, including 325 men and 80 women. 2.Sugar-sweetened beverages intake: 69.1% of hospitalized patients had a habit of sugar-sweetened beverages intake, 82.9% of them were male, and 54.1% of them were lived in urban. The percentage of 1 time/day is the largest. Most patients drinked 300-550 ml once. 30.7% of patients drinked sugar-sweetened beverage within one week. 3.Sugar-sweetened beverages intake and various indicators:(1)Compared with non-intake group, low-intake group showed younger age, SUA, DBP, ALT and lower FEUA(P<0.05); high-intake group showed younger age, BMI, waist circumference, SUA, UUA, DBP, ALT, AST, lower FEUA(P<0.05). Compared with low-intake group, high-intake group showed higher waist circumference, SUA, UUA, TG(P<0.05).(2)Different age groups:In the group at the age of 18 to 35, the ratio of non-intake group, low-intake group and high-intake group were 2.6%, 25.6% and 71.8% respectively. In the group at the age of 35 to 50, the ratio of non-intake group, low-intake group and high-intake group were 26.1%, 40.9% and 33.0% respectively. In the group at the age of 50 to 65, the ratio of non-intake group, low-intake group and high-intake group were 53.2%, 28.3% and 18.5% respectively. 4.Sugar-sweetened beverages intake and metabolic disease: Compared with non-intake group, low-intake group showed higher prevalence rates in hyperuricemia, hypertension and obesity, statistically significant(P<0.05). And high-intake group showed higher prevalence rates in hyperuricemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity, statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with low-intake group, high-intake group showed higher prevalence rates in hyperuricemia and obesity, statistically significant(P<0.05). 5.According to the results of binary logistic regression analysis: Compared with non-intake group, low-intake group and high-intake group patients have 2.423 times and 4.691 times risk of obesity respectively; 2.329 times and 4.979 times risk of hyperuricemia respectively; 1.295 times and 2.293 times risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease respectively; 1.716 times and 1.816 times risk of hypertension respectively.Conclusion: Excessive intake of sugar-sweetened beverages can cause triglycerides, serum uric acid metabolism disorders, and has correlative with the risk of obesity, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hypertension.