Short Term Efficacy Of Orthokeratology In Controlling The Development Of Juvenile Myopia

Objective: Myopia is one of the most common eye disease in teenagers, which have a high incidence and a low cure rate. Myopia is inconvenient to teenage daily life. This study is used to observe the effect of orthokeratology lens in reducing myopia progre ssion in adolescents, and to discuss whether axial length is an ideal parameter for monitoring myopia progression.Methods: 96 myopia patients treated myopia in our hospital during June 2012 to may 2013, A total of 96 cases(192 eyes), mean age for 13.56 ± 2.51. Diopter-1.50D--6.00 D, astigmatism degree less than 1.50 D, inverse astigmatism degree below 1.00 D, corrected visual acuity reaches 1.0, No other ophthalmic diseases. All patients were randomly divided into two groups, 48 cases in each group, patients in the experimental group wearing orthokeratology lens, control group patients to wear ordinary resin lens frame glasses. Before and after the wearer of the lenses, visual acuity, slit lamp, fundus, intraocular pressure, refraction, corneal topography, corneal endothelial cell count and A ultrasonography were examined for the subjects respectively. Review and follow-up time setting for wearing glasses 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year, ocular axial length, anterior segment length and vitreous chamber depth were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results: 1. After one year, visual acuity of patients in the two groups were decreased, in all the results of the review, control group(frame glasses group) patients visual acuity decreased more than the experimental group(Orthokeratology group), experimental group vision average dropped to 0.71±0.05 wearing glasses for six month, controls visual average dropped to 0.64±0.04 wearing glasses for six month, significant difference(P < 0.05) exist in two groups; wearing glasses for 1 year, experimental group vision average dropped to 0.69±0.03, controls visual average dropped to 0.53±0.02, significant difference(P < 0.05) exist in two groups.2. After one year, refractive degree of patients in the two groups were increased. After 1 month of wearing glasses, diopter growth in orthokeratology lens group is significantly lower than the frame glasses group(P < 0.05). After 1 year of wearing glasses, diopter growth in orthokeratology lens group is lower than the frame glasses group, and the results had very significant difference(P < 0.01).3. The average corneal curvature in the mirror wearing a 1 days to 1 month, each examination were significantly lower than previous results(P < 0.05), 3 months after the changes in corneal curvature is not obvious; control group, the average corneal curvature wear mirror changes are not large, there is no significant difference.4. After a long time to wear, intraocular pressure of orthokeratology group with higher intraocular pressure compared to the previous wear glasses and ordinary glasses group. but intraocular pressure of two groups do not exist significant difference(P > 0.05) before and after wearing glasses. Wearing orthokeratology and frame glasses after a period of time, the anterior chamber depth of two groups patients with did not change significantly(P > 0.05).5 After one year, vitreous chamber depth of two groups patients were increased. Wearing glasses for 6 months and 1 year after, its growth was significantly higher in the experimental group, control group was(0.39±0.13) mm and experimental group was(0.50±0.12) mm(P < 0.05), its growth speed in experimental group was faster than orthokeratology lens group. Eye axis length were increased in two groups, after 3 months and 6 months wearing glasses process, control group growth rate was significantly higher than experimental group control group was(0.28±0.16) mm and experimental group was(0.40±0.15) mm(P < 0.05); after 1 year wearing glasses process, orthokeratology group patients eye axis increased(0.24 ±0.05), and frame glasses group eye axis growth(0.65±0.15) mm, difference between the two groups was very significant(P < 0.01).Conclusions: 1 Youngsters wearing orthokeratology lens could slow diopter growth speed in a certain degree, thus slowing the development pace of myopia.2. Youngsters wearing orthokeratology lens can slow down the axial length and vitreous chamber depth growth rate in a certain extent, thereby slowing the development pace of myopia.3 Diopter, axial length and vitreous chamber depth can be used as an effective indicator to observe the progress of myopia.