Cognitive Impairments In Epilepsy And The Quantitative Analysis Of EEG

ObjectiveStudy the impact of interictal epileptiform discharges on cognitive impairments, and quantificationally analyze the variation tendency of EEG in patients with epilepsy, in order to evaluate the value of EEG in research cognitive impairments of patients with epilepsy. MethodsCollect 92 patients from Fujian Medical University Affiliated Union Hospital outpatient and inpatient department from August 2011 to February 2016,diagnosised as non- symptomatic epilepsy after clinical onset, EEG and MRI evaluation, of which 50 males and 42 females, with an average age of 22.2±6.01-year-old and an average course of 5.27±5.61 years. All the patients are divided into three groups according to if the patient has epileptic seizure and epileptiform discharges on EEG in latest three months. One is the group of clinical seizurses and epileptiform discharges including 50 patients which have epileptic seizure and epileptiform discharges on EEG in latest three months. One is the group of interictal epileptiform EEG discharges including 22 patients which have epileptiform discharges on EEG but no epileptic seizure. One is the group of noninterictal epileptiform EEG discharges including 20 patients which have no epileptiform discharges on EEG and epileptic seizure. Moreover, these patients are involved into three groups according to the courses of disease, a group including 33 patients with the courses more than 5 years, a group including 39 patients with the courses between 1 year to 5 years and a group including 20 patients with the courses less than 1 year. And choose 20 healthy volunteers as the control group whose age, gender, education are matched the above patients. Electroencephalogram(EEG) recordings and neuropsychological(NP) tests are performed in all the people. Compare the difference of memory quotient and every kinds of age correlative scores in four groups, and quantitatively analyze the relative power of 16 encephalic regions. The aim is to study the impact of interictal epileptiform discharges and the course of disease on cognitive impairment and evaluate the value of the quantitative analysis of EEG in research cognitive impairment of epilepsy. Results1.The comparison of memory quotient and every kinds of age correlative scores between every group of patients with epilepsy and the control group: the memory quotient, the scores of point to memory, associative learning, the image free recall, recognition of nonsense figure, portrait characteristic contact recalls in every group of patients with epilepsy are lower than the control group, the differrence between them is significant(p <0.01 or p <0.05). The scores of associative learning in the group of clinical seizurses and epileptiform discharges are lower than the group of interictal epileptiform EEG discharges, the difference is significant(p<0.05). The difference of other scores in the three groups with epilepsy is no significant(p> 0.05).2.The comparison of memory quotient and every kinds of age correlative scores in the three groups of different courses of disease: the scores of portrait characteristic contact recalls in the group with the courses less than 1 year are lower than the group with the courses more than 5 years, the difference is significant(p<0.05).3.The comparison of the relative power of 16 encephalic regions between every group of patients with epilepsy and the control group: the relative power of 16 encephalic regions in every group of patients with epilepsy is greater than the control group, the difference between them is significant(p<0.01 or p<0.05). The relative power of F1?F2?F3?F4?C3?P4?F7 and F8 encephalic regions in the group of clinical seizurses and epileptiform discharges is greater than the group of interictal epileptiform EEG discharges, the difference between them is significant(p<0.01 or p< 0.05). The relative power of F1?F7 and F8 encephalic regions in the group of clinical seizurses and epileptiform discharges is greater than the group of non-interictal epileptiform EEG discharges, the difference is significant(p <0.05).4.The comparison of the relative power of 16 encephalic regions in the three groups of different courses of disease: the difference of the relative power of 16 encephalic regions in the three groups of different courses of disease is no Significant(p >0.05).5.The correlation analysis between memory quotient ? every kinds of age correlative scores and the relative power of 16 encephalic regions in the epilepsy group: there has no a evident relation between the memory quotient?every kinds of age correlative scores and the relative power of 16 encephalic regions in the epilepsy group(p> 0.05). Conclusions1.The patients with epilepsy assuredly have cognitive impairments. The clinical seizure may damage the associative learning. The impact of IED and the course of disease on cognitive needs more studies to confirm.2.The electrical activity of brain on background of patients with epilepsy can be slow. The clinical seizure can influence the electrical activity of some encephalic regions, but there has no a evident relation between the memory quotient?every kinds of age correlative scores and the relative power of 16 encephalic regions in the epilepsy patients. It may be no specific helpful to evaluate the cognitive impairments of patients with epilepsy by the quantitative analysis of EEG.