| ObjectiveThis study investigated and analyzed the features of the hospitalized disease spectrum for an area active officers and soldiers, and identified the risk actors, then further explored the preventive strategies. The study's aimed at promoting the officers and soldiers' physical and mental health, improving the combat effectiveness, accomplishing the support for diverse military tasks. And eventually advancing the process of the military' modernization and regularization. MethodRetrospective study was used in the first part. It used the stratified random sampling method, from N provinces of an area which have X military hospitals, each province selected 1 military hospital by a random number table, finally collected N militaty hospitals. And then we recieved medical records data which were from January the 1st,2009 to December the 31 st,2013, and recorded gender, age, rank, the length of stay, the first diagnosis and other informations. All these officers and soldiers were active and on duty who were at the age of 18-60 years old, including from non-altitude plateau and altitude plateau arear. Excel table was used to establish a database, The SPSS 19.0 software was executed descriptive analysis and chi-square test for the type of diseases, gender, age and rank. SAS9.0 software was used to C-A trend analysis. Significant testing was set at p< 0.05.The Status Research was used in the second part. We did a questionnaire of the disease risk factors on the base of part one.The sampling method was as the same of the first part. And then questionnaires were handed out to the departments where had military patients, all the responders were active and were at the age of 18-60 years old. Finally, a total of 382 subjects were selected as survey sample from October 15 th, 2014 to December 31 st, 2015. Excel table was used to establish a database by double entry, and the SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the data. Then, we regarded the top three system diseases as the target groups respectly, including digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, and musculoskeletal system diseases, and the rest of responders belonging to the control group. We used single factor analysis and multivariable logistic regression to compare differences among these groups and conclude the risk factors. Significant testing was set at p< 0.05.The third part is putting forward preventive strategies for these diseases base on the outcomes of Part one and Part two. Result 1? The disease spectrum of the hospitalized Army patients. 1.1 The Army from non-altitude plateauThe most of the patients were soldiers who were 18-40 years old, the total number of the hospitalizations showed a rising trend from 2009 to 2013. The five most common system diseases were digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal system diseases, urinary system diseases, skin and subcutaneous system diseases, which means the main diseases were infectious diseases and musculoskeletal system diseases, especially the upper respiratory tract infection and lumbar disc herniation. In recent five years, the skin and subcutaneous system diseases, endocrine nutrional and metabolic diseases, acute gastroenteritis displayed a rising trend. Different gender, age, and rank of the patients have different disease spectrum. 1.2 The Army from altitude plateauThe most of the patients were soldiers who were 18-40 years old, the total number of the hospitalizations showed a rising trend from 2009 to 2013. The five top system diseases were digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, injury and poisoning, circulatory system diseases, musculoskeletal system diseases. The most common diseases were upper respiratory tract infection, ulcers, colitis and plateau syndrome. In recent five years, the eye and appendages disorders, lumbar disc herniation and colitis displayed a rising trend. Different gender, age, and rank of the patients have different disease spectrum. 2? Investigation on diseases risk factorsBased on the results of the first part, Logistic regression indicated that the main risk factor for digestive diseases is age(P<0.05,OR>1),while washing hands before meals, bedtime brushing and regular health education are the protective factors for digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal system diseases respectively(P<0.05,OR<1). 3? The study on preventive strategiesBased on the former two parts, we suggest that First, the Army should pay attention to the common diseases preventive measures; Second, the Army should work out personalized preventive measures, according to different gender, age, and rank of the Army; Third, the Army should focus on helping these people develop the health behaviors and good habits. Fourth, nutrition and healthy eating habits should be addressed for the altitude plateau officers and soldiers; Fifth, the Army should control the rising trend of some diseases, such as eye disease. Sixth, pay attention to the quality and effectiveness of the training injury health education. ConclusionFirst, the Army should remain put emphasis on the prevention of common diseases, then try its best to control the increasing of some specific diseases.Second, the altitude plateau officers and soldiers should pay more attention to the protection of their eyes and developing a health eating habit.Third, protective measures should be taken according to different gender, age, and rank; meanwhile, the officers and soldiers should cultivate their health life style, such as washing hands before meals, bedtime brushing, and so on. At last, it is suggested to improve the quality and effectiveness of the training injury health education all the time. |
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