| Objective: The main aim of this research is to explore the factors affecting tinnitus severity.Tinnitus is the hearing of sound when no external sound is present.About 10%-30% of the earth's people suffer from tinnitus,the number of Tinnitus patients is around 1 billion.Many patients feel anxious or depressed and cases of suicide of tinnitus patients with mental disease are occasionally reported.Because of complicated pathogenesis of subjective tinnitus,there is no consistent and definite method that can evaluate the disease objectively,which has made tinnitus doctors' challenge for many years.Method: This research collected 76 cases of tinnitus from patients diagnosed at ear-nose-throat department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from May 2015 to December 2015 with 37 cases from male patients and 39 from female ones and 53 tinnitus ears unilateral and 23 bilateral.All patents were divided into groups by gender,age,course of disease,the side of affected ear,tinnitus characteristic.All the patients have not only filled in questionnaires covering patients general conditions,tinnitus characteristic description,tinnitus psychological assessment but also gone through audiological tests including pure tone audiometry,acoustic immitance,tinnitus frequency match and tinnitus loudness match.Spearsmand level correlation test of Spss17.0 was used to analyze correlation between gender,age,course of disease,side of affected ear,hearing loss,main tinnitus frequency,tinnitus loudness and tinnitus psychological evaluation performance.Statistical difference P<0.05.Result: 1.Patients' general conditions.When all the cases are divided into different age groups,there are 33 cases of tinnitus in youth group(age <45),27 in middle age group(45?age<60),16 in old age group(60?age<75);Tinnitus severity can be classified into 5 levels,there are 6 cases in level 1 with grade from 1 to 6,14 in level2 with grade from 7 to 10,27 in level 3 with grade from 11 to 14,25 in level 4 with grade from 15 to 18,4 in level 5 with grade from 19 to 21;Sorted by course of disease: 33 cases are acute tinnitus(below 3 months),27 subacute tinnitus(from 3 months to 1 year),16 chronic tinnitus(more than 1 year);There are 53 cases of bilateral tinnitus(69.7%))and 23 cases of unilateral tinnius(30.3%),Grouped by hearing loss: 44 cases have normal hearing,6 slight hearing loss,6 medium hearing loss,5 severe hearing loss,5 extremely severe hearing loss;Divided by main tinnitus frequency: 49 cases belong to low and middle frequency(<4 KHz),27 high frequency(4KHz-8KHz);Classified by tinnitus loudness: 38 cases with loudness<10 d BSL,28 cases ?10 d BSL and ?20 d BSL,10 cases >20 d BSL.2.After statistical test,age has significant correlation with tinnitus severity(P=0.045)with middle age group patients have the highest tinnitus level;Gender also has significant correlation with tinnitus severity(P=0.004)with female patients have higher tinnitus severity level than male ones;Unilateral or bilateral tinnitus,course of disease,hearing loss,tinnitus frequency,tinnitus loudness have no statistical correlation with tinnitus severity(P value are 0.864,0.284,0.062,0.129,0.524 respectively)Conclusion: 1.Middle age patients have comparatively high tinnitus severity level;2.Female patients have higher tinnitus severity level than male ones;3.Side of affected ear,characteristic,frequency,loudness and hearing loss have no correlation with tinnitus severity. |
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