The Investigation Of Mental Stress Source And Coping Style Of The Nursing Undergraduate During The Practice

Objective:To investigate the level of mental stress and coping style of nursing undergraduates during the practice in hospital for reducing the mental stress and improving the quality of nursing education.Methods:Cluster sampling method was used to investigate the nursing undergraduates during the practice in hospital from April to June,2015. A special questionnaire was designed to cover general information as gender, age, origin, personality, only-child or not, professional degree and school grade. The level, source and countermeasure of mental stress of nursing undergraduates were investigated. The different clinical factors which caused the difference about level and countermeasure of mental stress also were analyzed in nursing undergraduates.Results:1.350 copies of questionnaire in this study were retrieved and 342 copies of valid questionnaire were obtained. The recovery rate was 98.57%, and the effective rate of the survey was 99.13%.2.10 kinds of common stress source about 342 nursing students cases involved the ability of dealing with emergency patients, contagious diseases, possibility of errors, knowledge level, requirement of the practice operation skills, ability of applying knowledge to the patient, gap between the school teaching and clinical requirement, night shift arrangement, attitude of patients and their families and the evaluation of coaching teachers. The score of mental stress was (1.32±0.77), and its average value was on the moderate level.3. Tne total score of the nature ana content about worK, supervision ana evaluation, in students with introverted character was higher than students with extrovert character. And there was statistically significant between them (.P<0.05). The nature and content of work, demand for knowledge and skill and total score were different in undergraduate nursing students with different professional self-identity (P<0.05). The nature and content of work, the demand for knowledge and skill, total score in nursing students who do not identify with their profession were higher than those who identify with their profession, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The individual score of patient's situation, the demand for knowledge and skills, supervision and evaluation, the teaching arrangement, as well as the average of the above-mentioned scores were different among different nursing undergraduates, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores of nursing undergraduates who had poor academic performance were higher than their counterparts who had an excellent academic background in the patient's situation, the demand for knowledge and skills, supervision and evaluation, the teaching arrangement, and the average of the above mentioned four aspects. And the difference has statistically significant (P<0.05). The difference in gender, age, origin, or the only-child or not, had no statistical effect on the score of level and source, of the stress, and the average of every source of stress CP>0.05).4.10 kinds of common coping style included:to discuss ways to solve the problem with colleagues, friends, to refer the problem to experienced friends and teachers and commonly make use of two or more ways to solve a difficult problem; ask for help to overcome difficulties, often like to find someone to chat in order to reduce the worry, to concentrate on work or study to forget the worries, to draw their own or another's experience to deal with difficulties, try to change the status quo and to make things turning for the good, often borrow help from entertainment activities to eliminate troubles and good ability to learn from failure; nursing students often take such active and mature coping styles as to look for help and aim at solving the problem when they are under stressor, they are less likely to indulge on such negative coping styles as self-blame or daydreaming.5. The scores of asking for help and solving problems in introverted nursing undergraduates were lower than their extrovert counterparts, and the difference has statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores of above in undergraduates who like the nursing profession were lower than those in undergraduates who don't like the nursing profession, and the difference has statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores of asking for help and solving the problem, and self-blame were different between nursing undergraduate who had good academic grades and those who did not. The scores of asking for help and solving the problem in nursing students who had poor grades were significantly lower than those who had excellent ones, and in terms of self-blame the former scored significantly higher than the latter and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).6. Relevance analysis indicates pressure level negatively correlates with positive feed backs such as asking for help or tackling problems, while positively correlates with negative feedbacks such as evasion.Conclusion:The mental stress in nursing undergraduate students is on the intermediate level, and the source of stress is manifold. The nursing undergraduate students often take mature and positive attitude to cope with professional stress. They may look for help or take a correct attitudefor problem-solving. On the other hand, there were many clinical factors which affect individual group of interns in judging and locating the source of stressor and the coping measures accordingly, so nursing educators need to give active support and help them according to different characteristics of nursing students so as to guide and encourage them to take positive coping styles for releasing the stress and adapting to the clinical environment as soon as possible.