| Objective: Malocclusion is the deformities of teeth, jaw and cranioface(Poorly aligned teeth, faulty contact between the dental arches, jaw abnormality of location, size and shape, etc.) by genetic or environmental factors(diseases, improper oral habits, abnormality of tooth replacement, etc.) in the growing of children. Nowadays, malocclusion is much more than dental dislocation and Poorly aligned teeth, while it means various deformities caused by faulty contact among teeth,occlusion and cranioface. Malocclusion has been common oral diseases and it becomes the 3rd following dental caries and Periodontal disease. Malocclusion might cause abnormality of shape and function in stomatognathic system and dental caries and Periodontal disease; and influence the normal development of maxillofacial soft and hard tissue, oral function, appearance and even overall health(low chewing function, indigestion, gastrointestinal diseases, etc.). In addition, facial abnormality would lead to Psychological and mental disorders.In recent decades, the morbidity rate of adolescents' malocclusion is increasing from 40% in the early 1960 s to 67.82% in 2000. But the rate of correction is from 5.0% to 26.1%. The research is to find out adolescents' and their Parents' understanding about malocclusion and their demanding awareness about surgery-orthodontics and discuss the factors affecting adolescents' and their Parents' choices in surgery-orthodontics by surveying people's distribution of surgery-orthodontics in Shijiazhuang, and to give advice about Publicity and Prevention of malocclusion, facilitate communication and cooperation between dentists and Patients, and shed light on the effective and quick treatment.Methodology:1 SubjectsThe subjects are from Primary and middle school students taking check-up in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province in September, 2014. The author chooses at random 44063 students from 31 schools in Yuhua District to survey and 6350 among them from age 6 to 18 to finish questionnaire.2 QuestionnaireWith the Psychological experts' guidance and the relevant materials from home and abroad, the author designs and finishes the questionnaire by combing the Possible factors of correction with Psychology.The questionnaire consists of students' and Parents' Part and thirty questions including students' sex and age; Parents' educational level, job and family finances; students' and Parents' knowledge of malocclusion; students' attitudes about their own dental appearance and function. The answer of questionnaire is set and recorded according to Likert's five scale.3 Investigators and the methodsAll the investigators are dentists and take Part in the training to use unified direction during the survey. They emphasize the aim and significance of the survey, tell students how to finish the questionnaire, and give an example. The participants complete the questionnaire with the guidance of investigators in fifteen minutes in their own classroom and then bring back home the questionnaire in order to finish the rest parts by their parents.4 Statistical analysisThe author collects and analyzes 4313 effective questionnaires with the help of SPSS22.0 to give statistics description, chi-square test and correlation analysis.Results:The morbidity rate of malocclusion is 72.81% among 44063 students in Shijiazhuang and the correct rate is 5.77%. The correct rate of boys is 4.71% and the rate of girls is 6.92%.The correct rate of pupil is 3.27%,junior middle school students is 9.06% and high school students is 13.91%.The rate of correction of urban students is 6.66%, suburban students is 2.68%.The author sends 6350 questionnaires and collects 4313 effective uestionnaires for a response rate of 67.92%.The results of 28 questions demonstrate significant difference( P<0.05) :The Percentage of Poorly aligned teeth of correction and non-correction students respectively is 61.10%?30.33%(P=0.000).Being lack of total knowledge of malocclusion is 31.44%?37.18%(P=0.000);worry of further treatment in arranged time is 25.61%?37.99%(P=0.005);worry of high cost is 17.34%?31.01%(P=0.000);fathers have relatively higher educational level accounting for 68.56%?31.09%(P=0.000); mothers have relatively higher educational level accounting for 64.83%?29.33%(P=0.000); fathers are in government institutions or state-owned enterprises taking up 47.33%?23.59%(P=0.000); mothers are in government institutions or state-owned enterprises taking up 44.57% ? 20.59%(P=0.000);Parents' knowledge about the harm of malocclusion is 47.33%?35.28%(P=0.000); accepting treatment cost is 90.44%?54.57%(P=0.000); accepting time-consuming is 89.79%?56.03%(P=0.000)and so on.Conclusion: The rate of adolescents' correction is lower in Shijiazhuang and the difference between boys and girls,pupil,junior middle school students and high school students,urban areas and suburbs is distinctive. adolescents and their Parents are lack of total knowledge about malocclusion and think its treatment costs too much. The Parents' educational level is the main factor to influence their adolescents' orthodontics. |
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