Four Kinds Of Wheat Effect Induced By EMS And Screening Of Mutants

Wheat（Triticum aestivum L.）is one of the most important food crops in China and plays an important role in China’s food security.The lack of germplasm resources is the main issue that limits the continuous increase of wheat production.Constructing mutant libraries through chemical mutagenesis can create more new germplasm materials.This study utilized 8durations gradients（6h,8h,10h,12h,14h,16h,18h,20h）and 7 EMS concentration gradients（0%,0.5%,0.8%,1.0%,1.2%,1.4%,1.6%）For the four varieties of XiNong 99,XiNong 979,XiNong 977 and XiaoYan 22 were pretreated（I）,and 6 suitable combinations were selected for the identification of the germination rate of the M₁ generation（II）（6×4=24）.The best treatment for each cultivar was selected for formal processing to construct M₁ generation mutagenized populations,and M₂ generation populations were obtained after self-crossing,and phenotypic screening was performed on the two generations of populations.The main results are as follows:1.The germination rate of each treatment in pretreatment II is 37%-62%,and the difference between different treatments is large.;the best treatments for the final four varieties were 1.0%+10h,1.0%+8h,1.0%+12h,1.0%+12h respectively.2.To investigate the formal processing populations of four cultivars of Xi Nong 99,XiNong 979,XiNong 977 and XiaoYan 22,we obtained leaf,panicle,stem,and other types of variant strains.The total variability was 13.63%,6.39%,9.26%,and 11.86%,respectively;The XiNong 99 was 2.15%,the XiNong 979 had the lowest mutation rate of 0.64%,the highest stem mutation rate was Xiao Yan 22（5.08%）,and the Xi Nong 977 had the lowest mutation rate（3.70%）.The highest mutation rate was Xi Nong 99,which was 4.92%,and XiNong 979 had the lowest mutation rate,1.60%.3.A total of 112 M₂ mutant populations were screened,including 4 dwarf mutations,5more tiller mutations,and 3 premature mutations.In summary,this study screened out the optimal treatment combinations for EMS-induced wheat mutations,and screened a wealth of phenotypic variation in the mutant populations that were constructed.These mutations can provide abundant materials for the further construction of wheat mutant libraries.