Studies On Cadmium Accumulation Of Different Potato Varieties And The Technology Reducing Cadmium Content In Tuber

Potato(Solanum toberosum L.),following to the production of the wheat,corn,and rice,is the fourth important food crop around the world.The cadmium(Cd)pollution in some areas in Hunan prvince cause the problem such as exceeding Cd content of agricultural products,and seriously affect people's health.When winter potato were planted in winter fallow paddy field,it has a risk of Cd content exceeding the standard.In this paper,in order to select potato cultivars with low low cadmium content in tuber,potato cultivars were compared in Cd contaminated paddy.Meanwhile the cultivation measures of reducing cadmium accumulation were studied.The result will provide a theoretical reference and technical support for potato safety production in Cd contaminated paddy.1.The effect of potato varieties on potato cadmium accumulation in pH acid soil was studied.16 potato varieties were screened in the slightly Cd polluted paddy soil(0.35mg/kg).The result showed as follow.The Cd contents in tubers of different cultivars were from 0.221 to 0.492mg/kg in dry weight and from 0.041 to 0.090mg/kg in fresh weight respectively,the bioconcentration factors(BCF)of Cd were from 0.739 to 1.665,and there were significant differences between varieties.River John blue had the highest Cd content and BCF in tuber,while Eshu No.11 had the lowest Cd content and BCF.Favorita and Atlantic,the main varieties in Hunan had low cadmium content and BCF of Cd.2.The effect of potato varieties on potato cadmium accumulation in pH neutral soil was studied.25 potato varieties were screened in the Cd polluted paddy soil(0.5mg/kg).The result showed as follow.The yields of 25 potato varieties was from 1225.61 to 2415.49kg/ mu.The Cd contents in tubers of different cultivars were from 0.111 to 0.426 mg/kg in dry weight and from 0.020 to 0.080 mg/kg in fresh weight respectively,and there were significant differences between varieties.F00070 had the highest Cd content and BCF of Cd in tuber,while Eshu No.10 had the lowest Cd content and BCF.Favorita and Atlantic,the main varieties in Hunan had low Cd content and BCF of Cd.3.The effects of different soil conditioners on cadmium content in tubers were studied in the rice field with Cd content of 0.5mg/kg.The results showed that the treatment of lime increased soil pH and had the best effect of reducing Cd content.the Cd content in tuber decreased as lime rate increased.high rate of zeolite(400kg/mu)also reduced the Cd content in tuber;the application of Peinong organic fertilizer and zeolite with organic fertilizer increased the Cd content in potato tubers.4.The effects of different cultivation patterns on potato Cd accumulation were studied,the results show that the cadmium content in leaves of potato plants 4.23~5.52 mg/kg 4.85~5.02 mg/kg,the CD content in stems,significantly higher than that of cadmium content in tuber(0.34~0.39 mg/kg);cadmium bio potato leaf enrichment coefficient was 10.15~13.25,significantly higher than that of tuber bioconcentration factor(0.82~0.92);cadmium content of potato tubers of different cultivation modes are different,the cadmium content was negatively correlated with soil pH(r=-0.65),cadmium bioaccumulation index of tubers was negatively correlated with soil pH(r=-0.81).