The Effects Of Small Quota Irrigation On Physiological Indicators And Yield Quality Of Huanguan Pear

To improve the utilization rate of water and quality of pear,the field experiment was conducted in the base of modern agriculture demonstration training of Hebei University of Engineering from March 2016 to November with 4 years old Huangguan pear.The effects of small quota irrigation and the drip irrigation frequency and amount on soil water content,shoot growth,the photosynthetic index,yield and fruit quality,absorbing root number and distribution were studied.The results showed that:?1?The soil moistures of different small quota irrigation were different significantly.The soil water content of furrow irrigation was significantly higher than that in border irrigation and drip irrigation,and the average soil quality water content of furrow was 15.33%.Furrow irrigation has the biggest new shoot growth,which was 42.25 cm.The yield and the weight of single fruit were the biggest among three methods.The fruit vitamin C content of furrow irrigation was significantly higher than that of border irrigation and drip irrigation.The fruit suger-acid ratio of drip irrigation was significantly higher than that of border irrigation and furrow irrigation.The soluble solids content and the absorbing root number of furrow irrigation were significantly higher than that of border irrigation and drip irrigation.The absorbing root number of furrow was 3.6 times that of border irrigation and 2.4 times that of drip irrigation.?2?Under the drip irrigation frequency of once 20 days,the soil moisture content,new shoot growth,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,yield and soluble sugar content were higher than these of once 10 or 30 days.The net photosynthetic rate of once 20 days was 6.23%higher than that of once 10 days,and 10.45%higher than that of once 30 days.The transpiration rate of once 20 days was 15.33%higher than that of once 10 days,and 20.56%higher than that of once 30 days.The yield of once20 days was 18.76%higher than that of once 10 days,and 18.99%higher than that of once 30 days.The soluble sugar content of once 20 days was 20.70%higher than that of once 10 days,13.46%higher than that of once 30 days,and they were significantly different.?3?Under the 60%net evaporation compensation irrigation processing,the soil water content,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO₂ concentration,fruit weight were higher than these of 20%and 40%net evaporation compensation irrigation.The photosynthetic indicators were significantly different.The yield of 40%net evaporation compensation irrigation was higher than that of other treatments.In the fruit quality,the soluble sugar,vitamin C,titrable acid content of 20%net evaporation compensation irrigation was higher than that of other treatments.The soluble sugar content of 20%net evaporation compensation irrigation was 8.57%higher than that of the 40%and 12.92%higher than that of the 60%,and the differences were significant.In a word,furrow irrigation is the most appropriate irrigation method,the best drip irrigation frequency is once 20 days.40%net evaporation compensation irrigation can ensure both yield and the quality of pear.