| Indian Ocean is one of the most important tuna fishing ground in the world,Main target species in Indian Ocean are Yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacares),Bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus),albacore(Thunnus alaluga),Skipjack(Katsuwonus pelamis).In recent decades,because of overfishing,coast fisheries resources has declined.However,human’s demand on marine Protein is increasing.Therefore,most states have turned its focus to the fishery resources ortransboundary migratory fishery resources in high seas.With the fishing intensity increasing,tuna resources in Indian Ocean are declining except yellowfin tuna resources.The first chapter discusses the related background of the current Indian Ocean tuna fisheries,including bigeye tuna,yellowfin tuna,albacore,Skipjack.Tuna and tunalike species is disgussed from the aspects of biological,total fishing production main fishing nationsand theirs fishing production,gear used infishing,resource status.In analysis of Indian Ocean tuna resources,this chapter analyze the resources status,which is based on the annual report of the IOTC tuna resources assement.Next,management status of Indian Ocean tuna was analyzed and management and maintenance measures for tuna was discussed.Through literature research,ananlysis of the status of tuna resource and the research in the management for Indian Ocean tuna,to summarize the issues of tuna fisheries from IOTC,including insufficiency of fishery statistical data,failure to eliminate illegal fishing activity,implementation mechanism is not fully performed,the measure of limitation of fishing capacity is inadequate.Then,on the basis of the analysis of conservation and management measures of the relevant fisheries body,this chapter forecasts the trends of Indian Ocean tuna fisheries management,including the fisheries management measures will become more stringent,the cooperation in fisheries management will become closer,vessel flag nation will undertake more responsibilities,establish a joint law enforcement team,prohibit discarding rubbish.Finally,China tuna fisheries in Indian Ocean was discussed,the Indian Ocean tuna fisheries is an important part in China’s distant water fisheries.The Chinese tuna fleet consisted of deep frozen longliners and ice-fresh longliners and longline mainly target bigeye tuna in the Indian Ocean.According to relevant managements of IOTC,the reference limits on fishing capacity based on the tonnage of vessels that catch tropical tuna for China is 29,275 GT,meanwhile,the reference limits on fishing capacity based on the number of vessels that catch tropical tuna for China is 67;The reference limits on fishing capacity based on the tonnage of vessels that catch albacore for China is 3,389 GT,meanwhile,the reference limits on fishing capacity based on the number of vessels that catch albacore for China is 10.Then,the problems met in the development of China Indian Ocean tuna fisheries and advantages during the 13 th Five-year are discussed.And I offer a proposals for these problems which stunted the development of our country’s distant water fisheries,including Controling fleet size,improving our level of fulfilling,Increasing the input of scientific research,speeding up the cultivation of talented personnel,participating in more tuna related industry sectors. |
