| With the development of biochemical level and electric power,electromagnetic field also universally appeared in human life.Although human had access to electricity and magnetism phenomenon long years ago,only until recent years started to study and make use of them.This paper utilized generator of electro-magnetic field based on the Helmholtz coil to make artificial controlled electromagnetic field,with the help of it researches the lethal effect of electromagnetic field on carassius auratus and sebastiscus marmoratus,and its influence on biochemical indexes.This research takes carassius auratus and sebastiscus marmoratus as objects,it can provide reference for later study on the difference between the effect of electromagnetic field on freshwater aquatic organisms and seawater aquatic organisms.The research on biochemical indexes of carassius auratus selects four indexes:lysozyme activity,serum total protein,alkaline phosphatase and acetylcholinesterase.Lysozym is capable of destroying the cell walls of pathogenic bacterium,and it has the effect of antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,antiviral,it is an important indicator to estimate whether the living organism healthy.Protein is mostly synthesized by liver cells,it is an important component composing all the cells and tissues,and to a large extent it can reflect whether the liver organ or the whole organism healthy.Alkaline phosphatase is widely distributed in the bones,liver and gallbladder systems,its activity could better reflect growth and development situation of the organism.Acetylcholinesterase involves in the growth and maturation of cells,and it promotes the development of neuron and nerve regeneration,its activity also refelects organism’s health condition.(1)Helmholtz coils is a pair of coaxial parallel coils,which have the same number of turns and radius,the distance between the two coils D is exactly equal to the coil’radius R.The coils can produce both homogeneous magnetic field and nonuniform magnetic field.According to Biot-Savart law,established mathematical model for physical formula,used MATALAB to simulate the distribution of magnetic field,which is formed by Helmholtz coils,simulated and measured the magnetic fields in water environment.The simulated results show that the distribution of magnetic fields is basically the same under the condition of inputing different electric current,but their numerical values are different.Electromagnetic field distribution characteristics in different environments and value of wood significantly.The simulated results can provide theoretical and technical support for the study--the influence mechanism of the electric magnetic field on aquatic organism.(2)The radiation of electromagnetic field has different effects on the activity of alkaline phosphatase(AKP)of carassius auratus.1.From the second day,the activity of AKP in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group(p<0.05),and in 0-4 days it declined largely,in 4-8 days it declined slowly,in 8-10 days it achieved a smooth state.When the experiment was finished,the activity of AKP in the carassius auratus’blood reduced to 63%~65%of original state.Therefore,the more time the electromagnetic field radiates,the greater degree of inhibition to activity of AKP,there is an inverse relationship between activity of AKP and its exposure time.2.Compared with the initial situation,from the second day there were significant differences between the change of activity of AKP in all experimental groups(p<0.05).Among of them,activity of AKP in 2m T experimental group declined larger and its activity lower than in any other experimental groups.The decreasing amount of activity of AKP in experimental groups:A2.0m T>A1.5m T>A1.0m T>A0.5m T.In the end,activity of AKP of all experimental groups:U2.0m T<U1.5m T<U1.0m T<U0.5m T.Therefore,within the same time of radiation,there is an inverse relationship between enzyme activity and intensity of electromagnetic field.(3)The radiation of electromagnetic field has different effects on the content of the blood protein of carassius auratus.1.Compared with the control group,in 0-2 days the content of the blood protein decreased obviously in 1.5m T and 2.0m T experimental groups(p<0.05),the content of the blood protein decreased unapparent in 1.0m T and 0.5m T eaperimental groups(p>0.05).In 4-10 days the content of the blood protein in all experimental groups appeared obvious decline(p<0.05).when the experiment was finished,the content of the blood protein in experimental group is 68.26%~74.87%of the initial state.Therefore,there is an inverse relationship between the content of blood protein and the radiant time of electromagnetic field,the more time it radiates,the lower content of the blood protein.2.When the experiment began,intensity of electromagnetic field 1.5m T and 2.0m T had obvious inhibitory effect on the content of blood protein,and their inhibitory degree higher than the intensity of electromagnetic field 1.0 m T and 0.5m T(P<0.05).But the changing degree of the content of protein is similar between 1.5m T and 2.0m T experimental groups(p>0.05).The inhibitory degree to the content of blood protein of all experimental groups:U2.0 m T≈U1.5 m T>U1.0 m T>U0.5 m T.The finally content of blood protein of all experimental groups:G2.0 m T<G1.5 m T<G1.0m T<G0.5 m T.(4)The radiation of electromagnetic field has different effects on the activity of acetylcholinesterase(Ache)of carassius auratus.1.Activity of Ache was first strengthened and then weakened as radiate time of electromagnetic field increases.In 0-2 days activity of Ache in experimental group had the trend of aggrandizement obvisously,but compared with control group,activity of Ache in experimental group 0.5m T had no significant change(p>0.05).In 2-10 days activity of Ache in experimental group gradually decreased and eventually fell to 85.98%~95.47%of the initial activity,however,activity of Ache in control group rose to 106.49%of the initial activity.2.In 0-2 days,the increased degree of activity of Ache had no significant difference between experimental group 2.0m T and 1.5m T(p>0.05),but avtivity of Ache in these two experimental groups are both higher than it in experimental group 1.0m T and 0.5m T(p<0.05).In 2-10 days reduction of activity of Ache in 2m T experimental group higher than other experimental groups(p<0.05).The changing degree of activity of Ache in all experimental groups during experiment:A2.0 m T>A1.5 m T>A1.0 m T>A0.5 m T.The final activity of Ache in all experimental groups:U0.5 m T>U1.5m T>U1.0 m T>U2.0 m T.(5)The radiation of electromagnetic field has different effects on the activity of blood lysozyme of carassius auratus.1.During experiment activity of blood lysozyme was first strengthened and then weakened as radiate time of electromagnetic field increases.In 2-6 days activity of lysozyme in all experimental groups was higher than control group(p<0.01).At the eighth day activity of lysozyme in experimental group1.0m T was still higher than control group(p<0.01),activity of lysozyme in experimental group 0.5m T decreased to control group’s level(p>0.05),activity of lysozyme in experimental group 1.5m T and 2.0m T was lower than control group(p<0.05).At the tenth day,activity of lysozyme in experimental group 1.0m T was lower than control group (p<0.05),activity of lysozyme in other experimental groups was lower than control group obviously(p<0.01).2.On the second day there was difference between the changing activity of lysozyme in all experimental groups(p<0.05),on the fourth day activity of lysozyme in experimental group 2.0m T was obviously higher than other groups(p<0.05).In 6-10days activity of lysozyme in experimental group 1.0m T was higher than other groups(p<0.05).On the tenth day activity of lysozyme 2.0m T was obviously lower other groups(p<0.05).Therefore,varying degrees of radiation of electromagnetic field have different effects on activity of blood lysozyme of carassius auratus.The changing degree of activity of lysozyme in all experimental groups during experiment:A2.0 m T>A1.5m T>A1.0 m T>A0.5 m T.The final activity of lysozyme in all experimental groups:U0.5m T≈U1.0m T>U1.5m T>U2.0m T.(6)To some extent,the electromagnetic field has lethal effect on carassius auratus.The varying degree of radiation of electromagnetic field has different lethal effects on juvenile carassius auratus.In 0-2 days only experimental group 2m T existed death situation,and only one tail died.Compared with control group,from the sixth day death situation of experimental group is more obvious(p<0.05).In 10 days death rate of experimental group 2m T was obvious higher than control group(p<0.01),the death rate was 40%.(7)To some extent,the electromagnetic field has lethal effect on sebastiscus marmoratus.The varying degree of radiation of electromagnetic field has different lethal effects on sebastiscus marmoratus.In 0-2 days death situation started to appear in experimental groups,but it’s only limited to the groups,which intensity of electromagnetic field is bigger.From the fourth day,the death situation started to appear in all experimental groups,and in 6-8 days the death rate was higher.As the strength of electromagnetic field increases,the death rate of juvenile sebastiscus marmoratus increased gradually,and even reached 66.67%in 2 m T field.When the experiment was finished,death rate of sebastiscus marmoratus in group 1.0m T and 2.0m T is obvious higher than control group(p<0.05). |
