Grassland Rodent Control And Diet Selection Of Plateau Zokors In Qinghai Province

Grassland is one of the important components in terrestrial ecosystems,which is an important foundation for the development of animal husbandry in China.It is also the foundation for farmers and herdsmen,and an important ecological barrier.The rodent is one of the important parts in grassland ecological system,which belongs to the primary consumers in grasslands,which the main food is forage grass.When the population of rodents exceeds the certain limit,they will cause huge damage to the grassland ecosystem,which is often called the destruction of rodents.The distribution range of grassland rodent include Qinghai,Ningxia,Gansu,Tibet,Xinjiang,Inner Mongolia and Sichuan,especially the source region of Sanjiang.Rodent species can be divided into 3 kinds.The main species of rodents are QingHai's vole(Lasiopodomys fuscus),plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)and plateau Zokor(Myospalax baileyi).The main types of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau are alpine meadow,which is one of the most important plant biodiversity area and the main ecological barrier.The protection of this region has a very important role in the world.Qinghai Province has 574 million acres of pasture.The rodent damaged area is 253 million acres,accounting for 46% of natural grassland.The serious harmed grassland is 112 million acres,accounting for 20% of natural grassland.The Qinghai Tibet Plateau grassland ecosystem has been very endangered,including mousehole everywhere,desertification,soil beach degree increasing.Control method of grassland rodent is mainly divided into 5 types,chemical control,biological control,ecological control,integrated control and physical equipment control.Biological control methods were seleted to control the 3 main rodents(Microtus brandti,Ochotona curzoniae and Myospalax baileyi).Botulinum toxin type D mainly used in plateau zokor.Botulinum toxin type D granule bait and 0.1% botulinum toxin type D agent is the best killing effect reagent.Eimeria parasitic was used for plateau pika control,the more Coccidia used in experiment,the higher mortality for pika.Multi-factors infection were higher than single factor infection.Under the experimental conditions,the effects of 1600000 coccidia and synergist 400 MLD and synergist 2025 MLD were the best.The treatment of sterility vole control voles after treatment of male infertility.The weight of female rodents increased significantly.which reduced the rate of female reproduction ability.The plateau zokor diet selection was also studied.A total of 42 plant species were found in the granary and environment of Plateau zokor.The top of three plant species stored in granary of zokor are Polygonum viviparum,Stellera chamaejasme,Oxytropis kansuensis.The top of three species in environment around zokor granary are grasses,Kobresia humilis,Carex sp.The most of the plant type in zokor granary is weeds,and the most of the plant type in environment around zokor granary is grasses.The 3 most biomass of the underground part in zokor granary is plant tuers,ratoons and tuberous root.The 3 most biomass of underground part in environment around zokor granary is plant fibrous root,rhizome and grass taproots.With the age increased,the selectivity of Plateau Zokor for food is increasing.The highest food selectivity is the adult group.Gender has no significant effect on food selectivity.