Study On The Relationship Between Development & Yield Formation And Ecological Factors In Wheat

Ecological factors are very important for wheat growth and yield formation,the growth and development of wheat is not only determined by the biological characteristics of wheat,but also affected by climatic factors,soil factors and human factors.In this paper,the relationship between the growth and yield of wheat and the ecological factors in Henan was analyzed by using the data from the Shangqiu national field observation station of farmland ecosystem.The data include 10(2006-2015)years of atmospheric data,water data,soil data and biological data.In this paper,mathematical statistics analysis method is used to analyze the change of ecological factors.Calculate the meteorological yield of Wheat and analysis of the impact of climate change on meteorological yield.By using the method of comparative analysis,the correlation between the main ecological factors and wheat yield was compared,and found the main ecological factors and growth stages.The development strategy of high yield of wheat in this area was put forward.The results showed that:(1)the variation of precipitation during wheat growth and development was relatively large,and the temperature and sunshine were relatively stable.In the influence of temperature,precipitation and sunshine on the annual yield of wheat,the effect of precipitation on the yield was mainly reflected in the precipitation in fallow period.The results showed that the wheat yield was positively correlated with the precipitation in the previous year,which indicated the importance of precipitation in fallow period to the growth and development of wheat.The correlation analysis between wheat yield and main agronomic traits showed that there was a significant positive correlation between thousand-grain weight and wheat yield,and the correlation coefficient was the highest.The effects of different growth stages on grain weight were different,Tillering-elongation stage this period of precipitation and thousand-grain weight was negatively,correlated with thousand-grain weight was positively correlated with precipitation during elongation-boot stage.The effect of temperature on the yield of wheat was mainly in the extreme temperature,The extremely low temperature during wheat growth and development in February and in May was significantly negatively correlated with wheat yield,The extremely high temperatures in October and Januarywere significantly negatively correlated with wheat yield,According to the results,the effect of extreme temperature on wheat yield was mainly negative.(3)according to the data analysis of the ground temperature,it is found that the relationship between the soil temperature in spring and winter is follows: 20 cm > 15 cm > 10 cm > 5 cm;the relationship between the temperature of each layer in summer is: 5 cm>10 cm>15 cm>20 cm;The correlation analysis between the temperature of 0 to 20 cm and the duration of each developmental stage of winter wheat showed that there was a negative correlation between the winter and spring soil temperature and the duration of wheat sowing,seedling emergence and trefoil stage,It shows that the temperature is high,the development time is short,the temperature is low and the development time is long.There was a significant negative correlation between summer temperature and the number of days of heading stage-maturity.Based on the correlation analysis between soil temperature and winter wheat yield,it was found that the effect of spring mean temperature on winter wheat yield was more obvious than that in winter.It shows the hysteresis characteristics of Winter Wheat in spring.(4)In different periods,different levels of soil moisture content,sowing-tillering and wintering-reviving stage deep effect on winter wheat yield in(40-100 cm)soil moisture will play an important role on yield.Tillering-reviving stage deep soil moisture and winter wheat yield was significantly related.Wheat after reviving middle(20-40 cm)and deep water has great influence on the yield.Reviving-elongation stage and elongation-boot stage was a significant correlation between the jointing-heading deep soil moisture and wheat yield.In the sensitivity analysis of yield to water content,it was found that the sensitivity of wheat to water content in different soil layers was different in different growth stages.In order to ensure the production and quality of wheat,we should study on the relationship between wheat and ecological factors,study on coordination technology of high efficiency utilization of water and fertilizer,strengthen the monitoring and forecasting of natural disasters,pay attention to the safe use of fertilizer,protection of ecological environment,To improve the adaptability of agriculture to natural ecological environment.