Analysis On Variation Of Yield And Quality Of Weak Gluten Wheat In Jianghuai Ecological Region

In recent years,the consumption of biscuits and cakes has gradually increased,and the supply of high-quality weak gluten wheat flour used for making biscuits in my country is seriously in short supply,requiring large quantities of imports.The wheat area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is an advantageous production area for high-quality weak-gluten wheat.Through the reasonable selection of weak-gluten wheat varieties,it can promote the coordination of the yield and quality of weak-gluten wheat.This study used representative weak gluten wheat varieties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as materials and planted them in 8 ecological sites in Anhui,Jiangsu.This study analyzes the regional variation law of grain yield and protein quality of weak gluten wheat and its relationship with meteorological factors,and further studies the correlation between various quality indicators to find out the key quality traits that affect the baking quality of weak gluten wheat and screen out high yield Weak gluten wheat varieties with better quality and quality stability have initially clarified the response of plant carbon and nitrogen accumulation and transportation to climate and ecological conditions and its relationship with grain yield and quality variation.The main research results are as follows:1.Variation Analysis of Yield and Protein Quality of Weak Gluten Wheat in Jianghuai Ecological RegionThe coefficient of variation in 1000-grain weight is the smallest among the yield traits,and the stability of the number of spikes per grain is poor;the stability of the water absorption rate in the quality index is good,and the average variation range of the settlement value and the stable time among varieties,locations,and inter-annual years larger.The results of analysis of variance show that the percentage of the environmental square sum of the yield,its constituent elements,and protein quality indicators exceeds 50%,which is mainly controlled by the environment.Stabilization time and stiffness account for a large proportion of mutations caused by genotypes,and are significantly positively correlated with various protein quality indicators.Among the 11 weak gluten wheat varieties tested,the variation range of spike number,spike grain number,and 1000grain weight were:443.6-512.9×104/ha,34.9-40.8,38.8-44.4g;protein,wet gluten content,sedimentation value,Hardness,water absorption rate,stability time change are 11.5-13.8%,23.1-28.9%;19.8-33.4ml;45.3-64.0;53.9-60.2%;1.7-3.1min.Yangmai 15 and Yangmai 19 met the six indicators of weak gluten wheat,while Yangmai 15 had poor disease resistance.Quanmai 725 had the lowest spike number and yield,the highest protein,wet gluten,and sedimentation values.The coefficient of variation of hardness,water absorption,and stability time was the largest,and its overall performance was poor.The Fengyang and Jiangyan pilots had high yields but poor quality,and the Baihu pilot had the lowest yields but the best quality.Variety × location interaction found that the Baihu pilot meets the national standard and the highest yield variety is Quanmai 725;the Shucheng pilot is Wanximai 0638;the Jintan pilot is Yangmai 15.The highest yield and good quality in 20182019,2017-The compliance rate of protein,wet gluten content and sedimentation value in 2018 is low.The reason for the difference in production and protein quality between years is related to the climate.2.Analysis on Variation of Processing Quality of Weak Gluten Wheat in Jianghuai Ecological RegionThe coefficient of variation of total starch content,peak time,gelatinization temperature,and biscuit diameter among varieties,locations,and years is small,while the coefficient of variation of GMP content is large.The variations of water,sodium carbonate,sucrose,and lactic acid SRC among the varieties were 73.9-83.4%,89.4-97.3%,110.1116.8%,and 118.3-126.5%,respectively.Among them,Ningmai 13 had the highest water,sodium carbonate,and sucrose SRC,with poor stability.The SRC values of the four solvents in the Fengyang pilot are higher,while the Shucheng pilot is lower.Ningmai 13 has the largest biscuit hardness,extension factor,diameter and thickness,while Yang 13 has the largest biscuit biscuit thickness and smallest extension factor,and the baking quality is poor.The baking qualities of the Jintan pilot biscuits are poor,and the biscuits of the Baihu,Shucheng and Rugao pilots are of better quality.Correlation analysis shows that peak viscosity,rebound value and other gelatinization characteristic parameters reach a significant or extremely significant positive correlation,which is an important index for evaluating starch gelatinization characteristics.There is no significant or extremely significant correlation between GMP and the baking quality of biscuits.The solvent retention has a strong correlation with the baking quality of biscuits.The four solvent retentions have reached extremely significant levels on hardness and water absorption.Sucrose SRC and lactic acid SRC have a very significant positive correlation with the quality of weak gluten wheat.Biscuit diameter is significantly negatively correlated with protein content,hardness index,wet gluten content,and sedimentation value.Biscuit elongation factor is significantly negatively correlated with protein content and wet gluten content.3.Variation Analysis of Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Transportation of Weak Gluten Wheat in Jianghuai Ecological RegionThe accumulation and transfer of dry matter and nitrogen of different varieties have significant differences between years and ecological points.The variation coefficient of dry matter accumulation contribution rate after flowering was small,and the nitrogen transport rate before flowering and the nitrogen transport contribution rate before flowering had good stability.The average pre-anthesis material transport amount of the tested materials varied from 1985 to 2383 kg/ha,of which Ningmai 9 and Shengxuan 6 had higher dry matter transport before flowering and lower Ningmai 13;after flowering The variation range of accumulation amount is between 4747-5266 kg/ha,Wxm0638 having the highest postanthetic dry matter accumulation and Quanmai 725 having the lowest.Yangmai 19 had the highest pre-flowering nitrogen transport amount and pre-flowering nitrogen transport contribution rate,but the lowest post-flowering nitrogen accumulation contribution rate.The Jintan and Jiangyan pilots have opposite trends in material accumulation and transport and nitrogen metabolism.Correlation analysis showed that the yield was positively correlated with the amount of material transfer before flowering and the amount of material accumulation after flowering,and had a very significant negative correlation with the contribution rate of material transfer before flowering.Protein was positively correlated with the amount of nitrogen transport before flowering and nitrogen accumulation after flowering,and had a very significant negative correlation with the contribution rate of nitrogen accumulation after flowering.Rainfall after flowering,total sunshine hours,and sunshine hours before flowering affect the accumulation and transportation of carbon and nitrogen substances in the plant,thus affecting the yield and quality of wheat.