Effect Of Water Factor On The Growth Development And Physio-ecological Of Rice In Saline-SoclicSoil

Rice origined in the low-lying swamps in Southeast Asia, because of this growth environment of rice, it makes the rice have thedouble adaptability to flood and drought during the evolution period. Rice is one of the most common plant in plants with the "half water nature".To a certain extent, it reflects the diversity of relations between rice and water. Now the research of water saving for rice are more concentrated in the conventional soil irrigation methods and different treatments in of different periods, but less research for inland saline soil.So this research chose the saline soil of rice as the research object, maked more focus on using conventional irrigation techniques, reduced the normal amount of water irrigation, observed changes of rice growth and yield, and try to find out the appropriate irrigation techniques for rice growth. It could reduce the cost for rice production, increase benefits, strive to find the most suitable index system for rice production and provide a theoretical basis for planting rice in the inland saline soil.The experiment was done from May2010to September2011in Chagan town of Jilin Province, through the field trials, we made a systematic observation of the processes, and made deeply research on water control conditions, the physiological processes, yield formation and its water use efficiency in different periods. The results show that:1. The effect results of the rice shape of the growth indicators by the water factor shows, the Tiller Numbers manifestations under different controlling water treatment are different and change with the growth of tillering (before and after) period, the stems tillers are less under the tillering control water treatment and integrated treatment until the dough stage and at the same time, it nearly doesn't change. The tiller numbers of CK maintain larger from the begining of the tiller stage to the filling stage, then the numbers began to decline rapidly and to be the smallest in the dough stage. The ground dry weight has been showing an upward trend all the time, the effect of the ground dry weight of rice by controlling water treamts is different in different period.the differences between the CK and the other treatmen are not big in tiller (front, rear) period, but from the heading stage of rice leaf stems, weight of rice leaf gradually transferred to the mid stem, the ground dry weight gradually showed differences. Until tiller stage, dry weight.of controlling water treatment in tiller is the largest. Comparing to the CK, the rice height of different controlling water treatments is the lowest and the stem diameters are more until the dough stage, at this time the first section length are lower than the one of CK, it provides favorable conditions for establishing high-yield type plant.2. The effect result of rice physiological indices by the water factor shows that, at the tiller stage, under the controlling water treatment the performances of the leaf area index, soluble sugar content, chlorophyll content are outstanding and provide good conditions for high yield.In different periods of controling water treatments the photosynthetic indicators is different. At the tiller stage, controlling water treatment constrain the photosynthetic rate more or less, but inhibit rapid recovery after rehydration. During the reproductive growth, the photosynthetic rate of each controling water treatment is higher than CK; WUE of control water treatments is higher than CK, while at the dough stage, the one of control water treatment at tillering stage is the most. The analysis of rice photosynthesis diurnal variation shows, for the reason of water control treatment, rice net photosynthetic rate presents the bimodal curve. The "lunch break" at noon; transpiration rate of CK are lower than the other treatments.3. From the effect of the water factor on water use efficiency and yield, the most saving water treatment is at the tillering stage; the evapotranspiration and infiltration of water control treatments were almost lower than CK; the calculation of the seed water use efficiency shows that, The lowest water use efficiency treament is CK, the water control treatment at tillering stage is the maximum. Production indicators show that the production under the water saving treatments at the reviving, tillering stage and grouting stage are the greater than the CK, and production of rice under the water saving treatment at the tillering stage gets the peak; production of integrated treament and water saving treatment at the heading stages are less than the CK, processing treatment gets the minimum.In summary, from all aspects of starting, all the water saving treatments in different periods play an active role in increasing the rice production efficiency, in which, maitaining the water layer for2.5cm at the tillering stage is mostly conducive to rice production efficiency, maitaining the water layer in3?4cm at the reviving stage and alternating wet and dry at filling stage, wet-based (then pour new water and last for1day than the conventional rice cultivation to irrigate)plays the growth-promoting role just less that the treatment at the tiller stage. Maintaining the water layer at the heading stage in about3cm will effects the rice growth, and production has a slight decrease, else integrated treatment make the most indicators affect on all aspects of the rice.