The Study On The Problems And Coutermeasures Of Mechanization In Rice Production In SIIC Dongtan Park

Rice is one of the most staple foods in our country.The capacity of rice production plays an important role in ensuring food security of our country.To achieve full mechanization of rice production can not only enhance the grain production capacity but also has a very important significance in reducing labor intensity of farmers,ensuring the safety of food products,promoting the efficiency of the agriculture,enhancing the transfer of rural labor force.However,the process of mechanization production is developing slow due to the complexity of rice growth and development environment,fine cultivation,lots of production links,long working hours,high price of existing equipments.So,it has important theoretical and practical significance to study how to solve and accelerate the full mechanization of rice production.This article,taking the mechanization of rice production in SIIC Dongtan park.as an example,analyzed the problems exsiting in the developing process of full mechanization of rice production and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.The results can provide useful exploration and reference for the promotion of rice production mechanization level in SIIC Dongtan park.The main results were as follows:(1)The differences in mechanization levels of seedling,soil preparation,fertilization,chemical spray,harvesting in SIIC Dongtan park were large,which resulted in the low full mechanization level.The tractor ploughing rate and harvest with machine rate reached 100%,respectively.But the mechanization sowing rate was only 29.5%,the other 70.5%was artificial broadcast.The rice fertilization mostly relied on artifical except base fertilizer.Weeding and pest control still needed to consume more manual to complete although they could rely on semi automatic sprinkler irrigation equipment.Therefore,the mechanization of seeding,fertilizing,chemical spraying was the bottleneck in full mechanization of rice production.(2)The full mechanization of rice production in SIIC Dongtan park were influenced by many factors such as Irrigation water quality,land elevation,groundwater level,the quantity and quality of agricultural machinery,rice production technology.The objective factors such as high underground water level and low terrain resulted in the difficult formation of plow bottom,influencing the efficiency and quality of locomotive under field operation.The structure of agricultural equipment was irrational.Large horsepower tractor and matching efficient and width of the machine were less configured.The key farm machinery such as rice seeder,paddy smooth instrument,drying equipment could not keep up with the needs of the development of production.Agricultural machinery and agronomy combined loosely.Rice business entities acted on their own free wills,which did not form a unified management system.The ages of agricultural mechanization workers were older,and the cultural qualities were lower,which influenced the transportation and application of new agricultural machines and new technologies.The existing of many problems restricted the development of full mechanization of rice production.(3)The level of full mechanization of rice production could be promoted through the measures such as strengthening the construction of agricultural infrastructure,improving the condition of rice mechanization,optimizing the structure of modern agricultural machinery equipment.The specific measures included:1)strengthening the construction of agricultural infrastructure and improving the condition of rice mechanization;2)optimizing the structure of modern agricultural machinery equipment and doing the selection work of agricultural machines well;3)breaking through the key work link of rice and enhancing the comprehensive level of mechanized production;4)strengthening the research on rice cultivation technology and promoting the combination of development of agricultural technologies and agricultural machineries;5)speeding up the reform of rice management system and promoting full mechanization of rice production;6)strengthening the technical training for employees and improving the quality to ensure the development of mechanization;7)strengthening the research and development cooperation among scientific research institutions and doing the demonstration of full mechanization in rice production well;8)speeding up the construction of agricultural talents and guaranteeing the sustainable development of mechanization in rice production...