Evaluation On Agronomic Traits And Taste Quality Associated With Polymorphism Of Waxy Gene In Foxtail Millets

Foxtail Millets from Chinese different regions were used to Analyse the agronomic traits and taste quality associated with Waxy gene Polymorphism.Lay the foundation for the rational use of millet grain materials.The results were listed as follows:1.Based on 65 foxtail millets cluster and correlation of agronomic traits were analyzed.The results showed that the variation range of agronomic traits was 11.66%-49.79%.The variation ranges of agronomic traits from large to small were ear hair length,panicle tightness,single ear grain weight,single ear weight,thousand kernel weight,peduncle length,panicle length,ear diameter,plant height,number of nodes and leaves,respectively.The grain weight per spike was significantly positively correlated with panicle length,panicle weight,1000 grain weight,single ear weight and panicle tightness,but was significantly negatively correlated with ear hair length.According to the results of cluster analysis,these 65 foxtail millet varieties could be classified into 5 groups with the Euclidean distance of 35.The first group included 16 varieties that are cultivated in North China plain,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia Plateau,Shanxi province.The average of ear hair length of these cultivars was significantly higher than that of other species,and the mean of ear diameter,panicle weight and grain weight per panicle was significantly lower than that of other cultivars.The second group included 10 varieties that are cultivated in Shandong,Shanxi provinces,Tongliao city.The plant height and peduncle length were lower than that of the other cultivars,which have stronger resistance to lodging than that of the others.The third group included 10 cultivars that are cultivated in Northeast plain,Chifeng,Shanxi provinces,the plant height,the number of nodes and leaves and biological yield were higher than that of the other types,single ear weight,single spike grain weight were median,which can be used as food and feed types.The fourth group included 19 cultivars that are mainly cultivated in Chifeng,Datong and Shanxi province.The panicle weight,grain weight per spike and panicle tightness were higher than that of other cultivars,and the ear hair length was lowest than that of others,which can be used in high-yielding parents.The fifth group included 10 cultivars that are cultivated in Northeast plain,Zhangjiakou city,Gansu province.Their spike length,single ear grain weight,single ear weight and thousand kernel weight were lower than that of the fourth group,which can be used as high-yielding types.The results obtained from this study could provide a basis reference for future screening and crossing parents selection of foxtail millet.2.When the comprehensive evaluation value of Jingu21 was set to be 0,comprehensive evaluation value of sensory taste quality was-1.07-0.35 in 52 millet cultivars.Which of 11 cultivars was higher than Jingu21,such as Ji 12,Zhaonong 21,Zhaogu 13,and so on.Nine millet cultivars such as Dahonggu,A2-2258,Dahuanggu had good physical and chemical properties referenced to Hebei provincial standard.Comprehensive evaluation value of sensory taste quality had very significantly·positive correlation with millet appearance,millet gruel aromatic,grain structure,millet congee sticky and cold cereal grain structure texture,but that had negatively correlated with pasting temperature and millet colors.3.14,9,23,7,and 11 allelic variations were detected in exl-TSI2,exonl-exon2,exon2-exon4,exon4-exon9 and exon9-exonl4 interval by Waxy gene sequence alignments,respectively.Polymorphisms in exon2-exon4 were the most than other regions,which in exon4-exon9 were the least than the others.Compared among different Waxy types,low amylase had higher Waxy allelic variations than Waxy and no-waxy types,no-waxy had higher allelic variations than waxy millets.4.Compared to the different millet areas,the SNPs and InDels locus of waxy gene in North China were the most than other areas,associated with 93 sites.But that in south of Huaihe were the least with 4 sites.SNPs and InDels locus of different regions were 10,9,10,10,80,20,38,23 and 92 in the Inner Mongolia plateau,Shanxi Province,Shandong Province,Zhangjiakou Province,Northeast Plain,Liaoning,Jilin,Heilongjiang and Chifeng,respectively.SNPs and InDels locus of waxy segments had different distribution,which of the ex2-ex4 segment had the most SNPs than the other intervals,including 47 Transitions,83 transversions,95 deletions and 17 insertion sites.That in ex1-in1-TSI-2 interval,there were 21 Transitions,30 transversions,4 deletions.In the ex9-ex14 interval,there were 7 Transitions,15 transversions,11 deletions and 20 insertion sites.