Heterosis Analysis Of Main Characters Of Sh₂ Sweet Corn Hybrid

In this paper,four sh2 sweet maize inbred lines were used to analyze the heterosis of agronomic traits,yield traits and quality traits in six hybrids by incomplete double row hybridization.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The difference of the other traits was significant or extremely significant except the panicle length,ear number and seed yield.There were significant differences in leaf height,panicle length,panicle height,grain number,single ear weight and seed yield ratio between the nine traits and the parents.The plant height,ear height,ear length,The mean and the amplitude of the total amino acids,sucrose,fructose and vitamin C in the hybrids were higher than those in the parents.The contents of protein,total amino acid,sucrose,fructose,vitamin C and vitamin E were parabola changes.The quality of the hybrids was different from that of the parents.The protein,sucrose,vitamin C The content reached the maximum at 21 days after pollination,and vitamin E reached the maximum at 28 days after pollination.(2)Heterosis analysis showed that the strongest advantage of agronomic traits and yield traits was 189.87%and 162.42%,respectively,and the odds of seed yield were the weakest(5.16%);The longest super-dominance is the weakest(-9.82%).The parent quality characters in sucrose content,respectively heterosis strongest 415.38%,362.17%,Parent heterosis of protein content of the weakest(0.34%),starch content heterosis weakest(-13.34%).The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between 100-grain weight and single-ear weight,which was significantly positively correlated with panicle height and negatively correlated with starch and sucrose content.There was a significant positive correlation between seed yield and bald tip length and sucrose content.There was a significant positive correlation between single ear weight and panicle height,and negatively correlated with vitamin E content.There was a significant positive correlation between the number of grains and plant height and panicle height,and had significant positive correlation with panicle height,panicle length,bald tip length and starch content.There was a significant negative correlation between the number of ear rows and the content of fructose.The number of leaves in the panicle was negatively correlated with the protein content and negatively correlated with the total amino acid.There was a significant negative correlation between leaf length and total amino acid and vitamin C content.There was a significant positive correlation between ear height and starch content.(3)The genetic distance of sweet maize inbred lines varied from 0.2727 to 0.5902,and the genetic distance between Q3 and Q4 was the largest,which was 0.5902.The genetic distance between Q3 and Q1 was 0.2727.The genetic distance of the inbred lines was not significantly correlated with the progeny and the superiority of the traits,and the heterosis value decreased with the decrease of the genetic distance.However,whether the genetic distance of the parent was linearly related to the heterosis Uncertainty,the ability to predict heterosis is needed for further study.