Morphological And Physiological Research Of Yield Superiority Of Super Rice Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025

Realize the morphological and physiological characteristics of super rice varieties,could be the theory guidance for new double season varieties’ breeding. In this study, thesuper late rice varieties Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025was used as the test materials,and the conventional hybrid rice varieties Shanyou10was used as control. The planttype, photosynthetic characteristics, source-sink-current coordination and post-agingcapacity of super rice were analyzed and discussed. The results are as follows:1. In terms of the yield per plant and sink. In Nanchang and Hainan environment,yield per plant of Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025higher than the control Shanyou10steadily, showed Wufengyou T025and Ganxin688had strong yield superiority. In theyield component of three varieties used in this study, the panicles and grains per panicleof Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025significantly large than the control, and theadvantage of grains per panicle is the main reason for the yield advantage of super rice.The yield and related traits differences between the three varieties is due to the differentgrowing region, but the yield superioity of super rice maintained in different environment,thus, Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025had larger sink capacity than the control.2. In terms of the plant type. The root dry weight and root vigor of super ricevarieties both have a significant advantage, showed stronger absorption capacity of superrice. Compared to control, super rice, especially the Wufengyou T025, showed a niceleaves erect. In terms of each stems, the lower stems of Ganxin688and WufengyouT025performance longer and thicker, showed advantages in increase plant height andlodging resistance. Shorter panicle stem might decrease the distance of assimilatestransportation. The primary branches number, secondary branches number and graindensity of super rice were higher than the control, and contribute a high advantage ofgrains number in super rice. Therefore, the super rice has better plant type.3. In photosynthetic characteristics, Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025had a longerduration of the high value of photosynthetic, and SPAD values decreased slowly, and theroot vigor stronger in late growth period. Showed super rice had a strong physiologicalactivity and photosynthetic capacity in the late growth period. Meanwhile, super rice hadlarger photosynthetic area, and high grain-leaf ratio value of super rice showedadvantages in the population quality and population productivity levels. The advantagesalso promotion of the “source” functions. Therefore, super rice had stronger canopystructure, assimilates production and transport capacity.4. In assimilates transshipment. The culm sheath dry matter output rate of superrice greater than the control, showed the transshipment proportion of culm steath dry matter in super rice significantly higher than the control. Meanwhile, the SS and SPSboth are the key enzymes in assimilate transport. The SS and SPS vigor from heading tomature period of super rice had large advantages. Therefore, super rice varieties hadhigher transfer efficiency and more active transport process.5. In aspects of aging resistant, the SPAD values of super rice decreased lower, andthe root vigor performance higher, showed the leaves and root of super rice couldmaintain longer in late growth period. Meanwhile, the analysis results of POD, CAT andSOD vigor among three varieties showed the reactive oxygen metabolism systemappeared disorders in earlier period of control, and exhibited a premature performance. Inaddition, the ZR, IAA and GA content levels which related to aging resistance in latefilling period of super rice higher than the control, but the ABA content which couldpromote aging process after heading period of control variety higher than super ricevarieties. It can be seen super rice could maintain a strong physiological activity in lategrowth period, and super rice varieties have stronger abilities to aging resistance.In summary, the super rice Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025has an ideal plant typeand better population structure, provide a better basis for the synthetic of materials.Meanwhile, the big sink, enough source and smooth flow could be a solid foundation forsuper rice. In addition, Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025also had a strong physiologicalactivity in late growth period, and this would contribute to the aging resistance.Therefore, super rice Ganxin688and Wufengyou T025performance superiority by themutual collocation of advantages and multi-disciplinary improvement.