| Jilin province has abundant straw resources,straw waste to treasure,to the development of beef cattle industry,improve the yield and quality of high-grade beef,reduce environmental pollution caused by burning straw,the straw "Return to the field after the animal abdomen" to promote a virtuous cycle of agricultural production,in line with modern agricultural development needs.At present,the Total mixed fermentation(TMF)ration has been paid more and more attention,and it has been applied to every dairy farm.At present,the research of cow in the blank,so the study is mainly aimed at the Total mixed fermentation of beef cattle for the relevant experimental research,to explore the optimal fermentation conditions of TMF and to provide a theoretical basis for the production of high-quality TMF with beef cattle.This experiment is divided into the following three parts:1 Effects of different volumes of lactobacillus and molasses on the fermentation quality of the TMFAbstract:In this study,we will evaluate the effects of different volumes of CT-10 and molasses on the fermentation quality of total mixed ration.CT-10(Lactobacillus)were sprayed onto the TMR with the different volumes of 0.5%,1%,0.5%+5%molasses and 1%+5%molasses,and were stored in the room temperature condition after being vacuumed.Fermentation index were measured at two weeks after being fermentation.The results shows that:There was no significant difference in crude protein content and acid detergent fiber among different treatments(P>0.05);The proportion of neutral detergent fiber in T4 group were significant lower than that in other group(P<0.05);pH and lactic acid content,there was significant difference between the T3,T4group and the control group,lactic acid content of T3 group was the highest,and the pH of T4 group was lowest;The content NH3-N,total VFA and acetic acid showed no significant difference(P>0.05);The content of butyric acid in group T4 was significantly lower than that in other groups;V-Score showed that T4>T3>T2>T1>CON,and each group reached the best level.Summer:considering the two aspects to improve the fermentation quality and economic benefits,Lactobacillus and molasses most suitable amount were 0.5%and 5%.2 Effects of different fermentation time on the fermentation quality of the TMF,under the different temperature conditionsIn this study,we will evaluate the effects of different fermentation time on the fermentation quality of the TMF,under different temperature conditions.The TMR that the Lactic acid bacteria and molasses amount were 0.5%and 5%was loaded into the fermentation bag and sealed under the conditions of 5℃,15℃ and 25℃ respectively.The fermentation quality and nutritional components were determined after opening the bag on the fermentation for 5 days,10 days,15 days,20 days and 30 days.The results shows that:the fermentation conditions of 5 ℃,neutral detergent fiber and crude ash have no significant difference(P>0.05),while the dry matter,crude protein,crude fat and acid detergent fiber have a great influence(P<0.05):The fermentation conditions of 15 ℃,in addition to the neutral detergent fiber has no effect,a greater impact on other indicators(P<0.05);25 ℃,different fermentation time on dry matter,crude fat,crude ash(ash),neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber have no significant difference(P>0.05),while the crude protein has great influence(P<0.05).there is significant effects of different fermentation time on organic acid content,In 5 degrees and 15 degrees,after 30 days of fermentation,the pH value were reduced to 4.23 and 4.36,under the condition of 25 degrees,after 20 days of fermentation,the pH value dropped to 4.57,the content of lactic acid and ammonia nitrogen content reached the highest;Except for 5℃,5 days of fermentation,the propionic acid content was not detected in the other experimental groups.Comprehensive score according to V-Score standard for evaluation,finally draws the conclusion:Under the condition of 5 ℃,the best fermentation days when 20d;Under the condition of 15 ℃,the effect of fermentation 15-20d was good;Under the condition of 25 ℃,the fermentation effect of 5 d was better than other groups,and the all feed grade were excellent.3 Effects of different fermentation strains on the fermentation quality of TMF and on rumen fermentation in yanbian yellow cattlethe effect of different lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation quality of TMF and on rumen fermentation in Yanbian yellow cattle were studied in this part.the four TMF groups(CON-no added group,T1-NFK group,T2-RJ group and T3-CT-10 group)with different LAB were respectely put into fermentation bags,and were stored in the room temerature condition after being vacuumed,Fermentation quality,general nutritional components and in vitro simulation of ruminal contents were measured at 7 days after being fermented.The results shows that:different fermentation agent have significant influence on crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber and the content of organic acid were significant(P<0.05).The feed grade of each experimental group was excellent.T2 group and T3 group could increase the DM disappearance rate of 8h in rumen,while the T1 group had no effect on the disappearance rate of DM(P>0.05).Effects of in vitro simulation on ruminal contents,the pH value were lowest of group T2 and group T3 at 1h and 9h;With the prolonging of fermentation time,the different LAB can be in different extent significantly affect the gas production,gas composition,volatile fatty acid and microbial protein content(P<0.05).Based on above data,three test groups have reached excellent feed grade,and the fermentation effect of T2 group was better,but there was no significant difference between the three groups.According to the economic analysis:application of T3 is appropriate.Summer:Through the above test results,we can know that the optimum proportion was 0.5%lactic acid bacteria +5%molasses,Under the condition of 5℃ and 15℃,the best fermentation days were 20 d and 15 d respectively,Under the condition of 25 ℃,the best fermentation days was 5d.There was equivalent effect for the effect of fermentation bacteria compared with the domestic good bacteria,and also can effectively improve the rumen microbial fermentation characteristics of Yanbian yellow cattle.So,CT-10 can be applied to the modulation of the mixed fermentation of Yanbian yellow cattle. |
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