Effects Of Three Bacteria Fermentation Of Straw On Growth Performance And Nutrients Digestibility In Yanbian Yellow Cattle

This study was conducted to determine the effects of three bacteria fermentation of straw on growth performance, nutrients digestibility in Yanbian Yellow cattle. The proportion for straw and wheat bran in this experiment is6:4, addition of urea is2%, add the amount of nutrient solution is60%, Inoculation of three kinds of fungi is20%, inoculation ratio (white rot fungi:yeast:Trichoderma koningii) for2:1:1, fully stirring. Put the straw into the black bag for compaction, sealing and fermentation. After six day, mixed bacteria fermentation of straw will become the golden yellow color, soft texture, with the smell of liquor. A total of30healthy Yanbian Yellow cattle bullock with initial body weight of (550±16) kg were randomly allocated into2treatments, included:1) control group, late fattening diet;2) test group, three bacteria fermentation of straw with late fattening diet. Preliminary trial period lasted for10d, trial period lasted for90d. Five cattles from each treatment were slaughtered to determine slaughter traits at the end of trial period. The results showed that:(1)Growth performance:The average daily gain of test group was significantly increased by30.61%(P<0.05)compared with control group. The dry matter intake of test group was significantly improved by5.36%(P<0.05) compared with control group. The ratio of feed to gain of test group was significantly declined by8.55%compared with control group (P<0.05).(2)Nutrients digestibility:The apparent digestibility of crude protein of test group was significantly improved by6.42%(P<0.05) compared with control group. The apparent digestibility of crude fiber of test group was significantly increased by9.20%(P<0.05) compared with control group. No significant differences were observed in apparent digestibility of dry matter, ether extract, ash, Ca, P (P>0.05).(3)Biochemical indexes of blood:Three bacteria fermentation of straw for test cattle Serum glucose, urea nitrogen, triglyceride, total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein immunoglobulin IgM, IgA and IgG levels was not significant influence(P>0.05).(4)Slaughter performance:The cattle live weight of test group was significantly improved by4.45%(P<0.05) compared with control group. The carcass weight of test group was significantly increased by8.71%(P<0.05)compared with control group. No significant differences were observed in dressing percentage, eye muscle area, meat bone ratio, net meat percentage, backfat thickness, carcass meat yield.(5) Beef Quality:Three bacteria fermentation of straw for longissimus muscle of test cattle shear force, cooking loss, drip loss was not significant(P>0.05). In marbling, muscle color, fat color test group compared with the control group showed no significant influence (P>0.05).(6)Nutrition content of beef:Three bacteria fermentation of straw for longissimus muscle of test cattle dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, ash, Ca, P was not significant influence (P>0.05).(7)Fatty acid content:Compared to test group and control group, linolenic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids were not significantly difference(P>0.05).(8)Amino acid content:The amino acids on the longissimus muscle of test cattle analysis found that, fed with mixed bacteria fermentation of straw had no significant effect on amino acid in longissimus muscle of test cattle (P>0.05).(9) Economic benefits:The test group compared with control group, feeding rate of the same, the increased cost of roughage, but beef cattle daily gain is also improved. According to the analysis of economic benefit: the test group used in the daily roughage costs more2yuan than control group, The weight gain for test group get more4.5yuan than control group, therefore the test group breeding benefit compare with the control group get more2.5yuan.To sum up, by three bacteria fermentation of straw for feeding Yanbian Yellow cattle can significantly improve the feed intake, daily weight gain, reduce the ratio of feed, increase the crude protein, crude fiber digestibility. But on the blood index, slaughter performance, the quality of beef, beef fatty acid, amino acid showed no significant influence.