Design And Experiment Of Farmyard Manure Scatters Machine

There is a very abundant resource of farm manure in our country,but currently utilization rate of farm manure is less than 10%.As the traditional agriculture has a strong dependence on chemical fertilizers without scientific application,the agricultural ecological environment is further worsening.Farm manure can not only reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizer and rich soil's nutrients,but also prevent the decrease of soil organic matter.For original farm manure such as compost or farm manure,there is also a lack of mechanical fertilization which restricted the large area application of original farm manure.At home and abroad,both transmission mechanism and throwing mechanism of traditional farm manure throwing machine depend on the driving of power output of a tractor,the speed required by the transmission mechanism is very low,and complicated decelerating and speed regulating mechanisms are required to realize the operation of transmission mechanism in accordance with specified fertilizer transmission speed.And in current road wheel driven farm manure throwing machine,driven wheels on left and right sides of the transmission mechanism are connected by a through shaft,and power is transferred to the intermediate shaft and then passed to the transmission mechanism by a ratchet.This transmission mode cannot achieve separate motion of driven wheels,and affects the flexibility of steering,meanwhile having large ratchet noise,easy wear and short service life.There is another road wheel driving mode in which chain-wheels are connected from the outside of the driven wheels.In this mode,the force is not balanced for right and left driven wheels,affecting the operation effect.Therefore,realization of a steady road wheel driving transmission without influencing the flexibility of steering on the farm manure throwing machine is critical for road wheel driving.In this study,from the view of driving resistance of rigid wheel,on the basis of fully considering the relationship between the ground and the operation of the farm manure throwing machine,basic theory of road wheel driven transmission was elaborated,tension mathematic model required by the driving resistance of rigid wheel and the chain of the transmission mechanism was established,which revealed the feasibility conditions for road wheel driven transmission,laying the foundation for the subsequent simulation calculation to the road wheel transmission mechanism of the farm manure throwing machine.Transmission scheme and transmission key components were detailedly designed for the transmission system of the farm manure throwing machine.Driving system of transmission mechanism transfers fertilizer by utilizing road wheel driving,transmission speed varies with operating speed,completing the transmission while ensuring the flexibility of steering.Driving system of the throwing mechanism is driven by the power output of the tractor power output shaft,while operating effect of the blade being ensured,rib plates on both sides improving its strength,and suitable screw pitch ensures its crushing capability to material.CATIA was applied to carry out the whole machine transmission and structure design to the farm manure throwing machine,and assembly of virtual prototype was carried out,showing the layout of the whole machine.Finally,the traction required by operation of the farm manure throwing machine was calculated,preparing for the selection of the test tractor.By using of ANSYS WORKBENCH,explicit dynamic analysis and modal analysis were carried out for designed blades of the farm manure throwing machine,helical blade and material cutting process were simulated as the machine being running,and a visualized dynamic transfer process of transfer and diffusion of helical blade equivalent stress from the tip was obtained.The simulation shows that,as speed of the helical blade is 400r/min,the maximum equivalent stress of a single group of helical blades is 53.4Mpa.Through the modal analysis of the first 6 orders to the helical throwing device,natural frequencies of the first 6 orders and classical vibration mode of each key part were obtained.The resonance phenomenon of radial expansion of knife roller may be caused at the very moment as the helical knife shaft being started,which influence can be reduced by increasing steel plate thickness of the knife roller,radial reinforcement and other methods,to improve the performance of the helical knife roller.Meanwhile,it also provides a reference for the research and development of throwing fertilizing equipment suitable for the characteristics of farm manure application.Mathematical model of road wheel transmission was established with the help of MATLAB,mathematical model was set up for rigid wheel transmission mechanism under ideal conditions,and simulation calculation was carried out for mutual influence between ground parameters and structural parameters of equipment during road wheel driven transmission.Outdoor bench test was carried out at the experimental base of School of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,to check the running state of the whole machine and verify the theoretical operating parameters.And operating performance test was carried out for the farm manure throwing machine,achieving the expected performance of throwing and transmission.