| Mt.Changbaishan natural forest is an important Korean pine provenance base in the northeast forest region of our country.But local rodent pest has become serious in recent years,seriously threat to the critical economic trees such as Pinus koraiensis(PK),Tilia tuan(TT),Acer pseudosieboldianum(APS)growth,urgently need to be scientific and rigorous in pest mechanism research,to develop a set of system of pest management technical specification.During the period from spring(April to June)to autumn(September to October)in 2015 and 2016,in Mt.changbaishan national nature reserve,Jilin province.Based on forest type set five monitoring sample plots,including the Broad-leaved forest(BL),Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest(CBL),Coniferous forest(CF),Dark coniferous forest(DCF)and Ermanii forest(EF).Taked a random quadrat method to survey the harm of tree species and parts in different forest type.By setting the standard quadrats in Mt.Changbaishan natural forest,the rodent composition and population density were also investigated.And collected some representative trees bark in the harmful forest type,from the angle of nutrition discussion on damage mechanism of tree.As a reference of forest rodent control technology research,by comparison the bucket trap and live-cage trap for forest rodents capture effect.The main result of paper as follows:1)The investigation of rodent damage to woods in Mt.Changbaishan natural forest.Taked a random quadrat and investigated the rodent pest of Mt.changbaishan natural forest in 2015 and 2016.Results showed:(1)The rodent pest region was concentrated in CBL(damage rate 6.59%,two years average),other had not it.And pest time focused the winter snow to the next year spring before snow melt;(2)The rodents harmed mainly in local trees of economic value,as PK,TT,and APS etc.The tree harm parts were concentrated on the stem base and the ground bare root;(3)Harm extent of the tree parts displays more stem base(11690.495 cm2/hm2,two years averge)than ground bare root(6088.82 cm2/hm2,two years averge).2)The investigation of rodent composition and population number in Mt.changbaishan natural forest.Around the pest forest type and adjacent to take standard quadrat surveying the rodents.Results showed:(1)104 individuals were captured during two years,including Myodes rufocanus(MR)48.08%,Apodemus peninsulae(AP)28.85%,M.rutilus(MRS)19.23%,E.sibiricus(ES)3.85%;(2)Capture number changed greatly on time and space.In 2015,the capture were 4.2 times that of 2016.Overall,the capture number of the biggest in CBL,the second in CF and the least in BL;(3)Combined with damage situation in CBL,the rodent capture number of 2015 is about nine times that of 2016.There is a significant correlation between the damage extent and capture number.3)The damage mechanism of pest rodent to woods in Mt.changbaishan natural forest.By the fall(September to October)of 2015 to the spring(April to June)of 2016 to remove and control rodents experiment.Combined with indoor food feeding experiment,the results showed:(1)Blank groups trees hazard rate was 3.87%,part rodents removed groups was 0.66% and all rodents removed groups was 0.00%.Compared with the blank group,which part rodents removed groups hazard rate was reduced by 87.21% and all rodents removed groups was reduced by 100%;(2)The MR and MRS are mainly pest rodents in CBL;(3)There is not a significant correlation between the relative damage extent of trees and the energy value of bark nutrients.4)The pest rodents control technology research in Mt.changbaishan natural.In 2015,using live-cage trap(7*7=49)and bucket trap(3*3=9)to investigate the rodent respectively in the CBL.At the same time,tested the capture efficiency of rodents(especially MR and MRS)about two methods.The results showed:(1)Captured three kind of rodents,a total of 37 individuals by the live-cage trap.Among the MR(51.35%),AP(29.73%),MRS(18.92%);(2)Captured three kind of rodents,a total of 106 individuals by the bucket trap.Among the MR(93.40%),AP(5.66%),MRS(0.94%);(3)When high number of rodents in the spring,the capture efficiency(113.58%)of MR and MRS by bucket trap was 5.3 times than the live-cage trap(21.43%).When low number of rodents in autumn,the capture efficiency(9.87%)of MR and MRS by bucket trap was 1.9 times than the live-cage trap(5.10%).Conclusion: the pest rodent in Mt.Changbaishan was mainly concentrated in CBL during winter after snow to the next year spring before snow melt;As local important economic value trees,the TT,AP and PK were main victim species,and the damage tree parts focused on stem base and bare root;MR,AP and MRS were main capture rodents,the MR and MRS are main pest rodent;There is not a correlation between the relative damage extent of trees and the energy of bark nutrients;The bucket trap to forest pest rodents capture rate is higher than the live-cage trap. |
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