The Performance Of Several Table Grape Cultivars Introduced And Grown In Xuancheng And Cultivation Techniques For Labor-saving

Grape(Vitis)is one of China’s most famous six fruits.It has long been favored by consumers for its value used as food and medicine.Along with the development of social economy,people’s living standard keeps increasing and their requirement of fruit quality is accordingly improving.In order to meet consumers’ demand,the industry of grape should also be market-oriented and contributes some safely and high efficiently production.The city of Xuancheng is located in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.Its grape industry has developed fast in recent years,the cultivated area reaching 15.8 thousand mu in 2014 and its output being 22.5 thousand tons.However,since some disadvantages such as the large rainfall and high underground water level in this area,the air humidity is high in grape’s growth season and the pests and diseases come about seriously when grape is cultivated in the open filed.Fruit farmers have to increase the frequency and the amount of pesticide application,which brings about the prominent pesticide residues problem,dramatically decreasing the quality of grape berry and interfering with the industry’s benign development in Xuancheng.In order to promote the sound development of Xuancheng grape industry,this thesis,based on investigation,analyzes the situation of grapes production in China and in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River,analyzes its present situation of production in the city of Xuancheng,and then probe into the effective ways to improve the quality of grape.1.The situation grape industry of XuanchengAt present time,Xuancheng has cultivated 15.8 thousand mu of grape,among which 81.1%is cultivated in the open field,mainly in the district of Xuanzhou,the county of Guangde and some towns in the county of Langxi.Facility cultivation is mainly to shelter from rain;forcing or delay cultivation is seldom found.The area of rain shelter cultivation takes up 18.9%,mainly spread in Xuanzhou and Guangde.Most varieties are the early and medium maturity ones,seldom being late maturity.The main varieties cultivated here are’Summer Black’ and ’Kyoho’.In recent years,some other varieties such as ’Zuijinxiang’,’Gold Finger’,’Rosario Bianco’ and ’Moldova’ are being introduced.2.The features and problems of Xuancheng grape industryThe industry characteristic of Xuancheng grape industry are:be focused on open cultivation,be focused on early-mid ripening variety,rely on elderly and women,low level of mechanization.The main problems of Xuancheng grape industry are:unreasonable variety structure,low quality of products,high labor cost,unseemly cultivation method.3.Evaluation of cultivation adaptability of several fresh grape in XuanchengThe thesis investigates and analyzes the biological characteristics of those cultivated in open fields such as ’Gold Finger’,’Zuijinxiang’ and ’Moldova’ and those in rain shelter condition like ’Shine Muscat’ and ’Rosario Bianco’,including studying their phenological period,botanical characters,fruit appearance,internal quality,disease resistance and so on,in the expectation of grasping their cultivation adaptability in Xuancheng and accumulating some relatively objective experimental data for our city and thus playing a reference role for fruit farmers so as to exercise its huge significance in adjusting the structure of grapes varieties in our city.As can be seen from the experimental data,the tested ’Gold Finger’ and ’Shine Muscat’ incense have the advantage that their berry are of better quality and high commodity.These two cultivars fill the gap of grape sales,and they are suitable to be developed in Xuancheng.However,’Zuijinxiang’ and ’Moldova’ and ’Rosario Bianco’,being due to various reasons,are not the preferable grape cultivars suitable to be developed in Xuancheng4.The preliminary study on the labor saving cultivation techniques for grape in XuanchengConsidering the labor conditions of Xuancheng city,The Technique of Labor S aving for grape cultivation was researched on from the aspects of trellis systems,cu ltivation management practices,pest and disease controls.It was mainly to choose t he methods to minimize the initial one-time investment,labor inputs and other costs in grape production process,which can eventually reduce labor inputs,increase rev enue and improve famers’ enthusiasm without affecting grape commodity and guaran tee the long steady development of the Grape industry.