The Effects Of Biochar Amendment On Soil Property,Wine Grape Growth And Fruit Quality

With the development of China's agricultural economy,a large number of agricultural residues were produced,such as crop straw and animal manure.If they are not used properly,they will not only result in the waste of resources,but also lead serious environment pollutions.It is crucial for China's sustainable agriculture to solve the problem of the use of agricultural residues.The technology of biochar opens a new way for resource utilization of agricultural residues.Recently,it has been paid much attention of experts and scholars in various fields.The technology has gradually become a way to improve soil quality,ensure grain yield and abate climate change.In this study,five treatments were layout,with wheat straw biochar(WSB)at the rate of 20,40 t·hm-2 and bamboo charcoal organic fertilizer(BCOF)at the rate of 0.6,2.4 t·hm-2.The study researched the effects of biochar amendment on soil property,wine grape growth and fruit quality.The results are as follows:1.Effects of biochar amendment on soil properties from vineyard.WSB(20,40 t·hm-2)significantly reduced soil bulk density of surface soil(0?20 cm),increased soil pH,significantly increased soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,increased by 120.7%?172.6%,25.0%?44.2%,75.8%?164.0%,58.6%-131.5%,respectively;BCOF(0.6,2.4 t·hm-2)also significantly increased soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and available potassium,increased by 28.0%?57.7%,11.5%?23.1%,32.9%?45.5%,respectively.For the deep soil(20?40 cm),WSB(20,40 t·hm-2)significantly increased soil organic carbon and pH by 33.7%?34.7%and 3.58%?4.77%,especially the effect of WSB(40 t·hm-2)on the nutrient is more obvious,the soil available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 102.0%and 81.0%;but in BCOF(0.6,2.4 t·hm-2)treatments,the soil properties had no obvious change.2.Effects of biochar amendment on the growth of wine grape.The application of biochar promoted leaf growth of wine grape at different degrees.WSB(20 t·hm-2)significantly increased the leaf length by 5.74%,WBS(40 t·hm-2)significantly increased leaf weight by 16.9%,BCOF(2.4 t·hm-2)increased the leaf width and leaf weight by 6.98%and 25.2%.While,the fruit length,fruit width,fruit weight were not significantly affected.The application of biochar had no significant effect on N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu and Zn in wine grape petiole,but could reduce the content of Mn.3.Effects of biochar amendment on fruit quality of wine grape.The application of BCOF has certain effect on fruit quality.BCOF(2.4 t·hm-2)significantly increased the content of soluble sugar and the ratio of sugar to acid in grape berry,by the rate of 21.6%and 35.5%;and all the treatments decreased the content of titratable acid in grape berry,especially BCOF(0.6 t·hm-2)decreased sharply,a decline of 13.2%accordingly.For the tannin content,WSB(20 t·hm-2)and BCOF(0.6 t·hm-2)were significantly increased the content of tannin by 32.5%and 32.1%,and the two treatments had no significant difference,but the soluble solids,pH,total phenol and pigment content in all treatments had no obvious change.