Effects Of Sowing Date And Rate On Yield And Grain Protein In Jinzhong Wheat

A field experiment to study three sowing date 2014 October 3th (Al),2014, October 8th (A2), 2014, October 13th (A3) and three sowing rate 150kg/hm~2 (B1),225 kg/hm~2 (B2),300 kg/hm~2 (B3), with Heimangmai, CA0547 and Shannong 129 were used to research the effect on growth, nitrogen and phosphorus content, yield and grain protein in Jinzhong wheat. The main results are as follows:(1) The different effect of sowing date and rate on growth characters of wheat, Heimangmai was first, CA0547 was better, Shannong 129 was best. The same sowing rate and different date three wheat varieties plant height in A2 is the highest; the secondary root numbers and stem leaf olds as sowing date delayed gradually reduced. The total number of tillers, green leaf increased as the sowing rate decreases. In a word, the influence of sowing date on plant height, secondary root numbers and stem leaf olds is greater than the influence of sowing rate. The influence of sowing rate on total tiller number, green leaf number is greater than the influence of sowing date. With the plant growth process, nitrogen and phosphorus content were more and more smaller. The same sowing rate, different sowing date, Heimangmai and CA0547 nitrogen and phosphorus content in sowing date A2 was highest, but Shannong 129 was highest in sowing date Al.(2) With the plant growth process, the groups total stem number was showed a trend of first increased then decreased; the plant dry matter accumulation was showed a rising trend and highest in A2B2; With the filling process, grain weight was showed an change tendency of the "s", the influence of sowing date on 1000-grain weight is greater than sowing rate. Therefore, the appropriate sowing date and rate are benefit for the accumulation of dry matter.(3) The grain yield of harvest, showed Shannong 129> Heimangmai> CA0547. With the delay of sowing date and rate increases, the grain actual yield and theoretical yield of Heimangmai and CA0547 was the highest in A2B2, but Shannong 129 was the highest in A3B2.(4) With the delay of sowing date, the grain protein and components content and glutenin/ gliadin showed an tendency "low-high-low". In filling process, the protein content was showed a trend of "V"; Albumin content was a decrease trend; globulin always maintain the lowest; The gliadin and glutenin content were increase. The protein components content were the highest in A2B2, but the effect of sowing date on grain protein was greater than the sowing rate. The accumulation of GMP showed a trough and two peaks. The GMP were highest in A2B2, the other treatments had no significant difference.In a word, the appropriate sowing date and rate can enhance the yield and grain protein. Under the experimental conditions, Heimangmai and CA0547 had high yield and grain protein in October 8th and 225kg/hm~2. Shannong 129 was October 13th and 225kg/hm~2.