Effects Of "Three Techniques In Advance" Matching Sowing Date And Sowing Quantities On Tiller Structure And Grain Protein Formation In Dryland Wheat

The study was carried out from 2013 to 2014 in experiment base of Shanxi Agricultural University in Wenxi. Field test was carried out to study the effect of tillage in fallow period with different sowing date and sowing quantities on soil water storage at the depth of 0-300 cm, population quality, nitrogen accumulation and translation, yield and its constitution and grain protein accumulation, try to explore the best way for the technology of water moisture conservation and the best suitable sowing date and sowing quantities, which provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation measure of high yield and high quality. The major results were as follows.(1) After tillage in fallow period in dryland wheat, soil water storage at the depth of 0-300 cm at sowing stage and wintering stage to booting stage and WUE were significantly improved, and subsoiling had better effect. After tillage in fallow period, plant nitrogen accumulation at different growth stages, NTBA and NAAA were significantly improved, especially the NTBA of stem and sheath, the contribution of NAAA to nitrogen in grain was improved, ear number,1000-grain weight, theoretical yield and yield were significantly improved, grain protein and its component contents and protein yield were significantly improved, Glu/Gli was improved, and subsoiling had better effect.(2) After subsoiling in fallow period in dryland wheat matching sowing date and sowing quantities, under the condition of sowing date on September 20 matching sowing quantities on 4.5 kg/acre, sowing date on October 1 matching sowing quantities on 6 kg/acre and sowing date on October 10 matching sowing quantities on 7.5 kg/acre, soil water storage at the depth of 0-300 cm at pre-wintering to booting stages was improved, thus made WUE significantly improved, tiller dynamics at different growth stages, dry matter accumulation amount after anthesis and leaf areas at turn-greening to maturity stage were improved, dry matter amount at different growth stages, plant height at elongation to maturity stage and bearing spikelet number at maturity stage were significantly improved, finally made the yield significantly improved, plant nitrogen accumulation at different growth stages, NTBA, especially stem and sheath were significantly improved, grain protein and its component contents, Glu/Gli and protein yield improved, and sowing date on October 1 matching sowing quantities on 6 kg/acre had better effect.(3) Under the condition of this experiment, soil water storage at pre-wintering stage, turn-greening stage and booting stage had a larger effect on dry matter amount and tiller dynamics at maturity, thus in favor of the improvement of grain yield, soil water storage at anthesis stage had a larger influence on NTBA and NAAA, and soil water storage at anthesis stage main affected NTBA, especially leaf and stem and sheath, finally affected plant nitrogen translation, soil water storage at pre-wintering stage, turn-greening stage and booting stage had a larger effect on grain protein content, while soil water storage at anthesis stage main affected albumin, gliadin, glutenin and Glu/Gli, thus affected grain protein content and protein yield. In addition, this experiment also indicated that grain protein content and its component contents, Glu/Gli, protein yield and grain yield had a better connection with NTBA, especially stem and sheath.In all, on the basis of subsoiling in fallow period in dryland wheat, sowing date on October 1 matching sowing quantities on 6 kg/acre was beneficial to conserve rainfall in fallow period, optimize the tiller structure, improve yield and WUE, it was conductive to NTBA, especially stem and sheath, it also helpful to grain protein accumulation, improve Glu/Gli, thus optimize quality.