Study On Effects Of Food Composition And Amino Acid Ballance On Giant Panda’s Biochenmial Indicators

Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a valuable and rare wildlife which is only distributed in China. It is a special species belonging to Carnivora, which take the bamboo as their food. There is not a standard method about feeding of giant panda yet, recently. The method to feed giant panda is constructed by experience gained from feeding of giant pandas before. The proportion of bamboo shoots in food of the giant pandas feed in the Chengdu giant panda breeding and research base is far larger than that of wild pandas according to some other researches. There is few study on giant panda’s blood biochemical indicators so far. Relationship between blood biochemical indicators and nutrition status in giant panda has not been done by far.We took a feeding test on several Giant pandas with three kinds of bamboo and a kind of artificial feed, then collected blood samples from these pandas to analyze the relationship between food composition and amino acid ballance, and biochemical indicators. The results will help us to manage and feed the giant pandas in a more reasonable way in the future. Some significant results have been obtained.We take 115 blood samples from 19 giant pandas to determine 17 blood biochemical indicators of them, first. We uses kinds of bamboo, consumption of artificial fodder, total consumption as the food factors to explain the composition of food. Sex and age is also taken as a factor which may has some effects on blood biochemical indicators. The result of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) displays kinds of bamboo has significant effects on 11 blood biochemical indicators. The result of one-way ANOVA displays consumption of artificial fodder has significant effects on 8 blood biochemical indicators. The result of correlation analysis displays there is a positive correlation between direct bilirubin (DB) and consumption of artificial fodder, and a negative correlation between total protein (TP), globulin (GLB), glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG) and consumption of artificial. The result of one-way ANOVA displays consumption of artificial fodder has no significant effect on blood biochemical indicators when the giant pandas take bamboo leaves as food and consumption of artificial fodder has significant effect on blood urea nitrogen (BUN). TP, GLB. GLU when the giant pandas take bamboo shoots. The result of one-way ANOVA displays total consumption has significant effects on 9 blood biochemical indicators include BUN, aspartate amino transferase(AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The result of one-way ANOVA displays sex has significant effect on 7 blood biochemical indicators. The result of multiple linear regression displays the equations taken BUN, AST, ALT as dependent variable have R2 larger than 0.3.Bamboo kinds, consumption of artificial fodder and total consumption are independent influencing factors of BUN, bamboo kinds is independent influencing factor of AST and ALT.Food has greatest impact on BUN and second great impact on AST and ALT. It’s hard to decided which bamboo kind is better according to the result.Total consumption make the ALP decline, so it may be bad for giant pandas. According to the change of BUN, total bilirubin (TB), TP, GLU and consumption of artificial fodder may be also bad for giant panda.The second part of this research determined the amino acid content of the three kind bamboo. Result displays bamboo shoots have the most abundant amino acid. The bamboo leaves have the best amino acid balance whose score of ratio coefficient (SRC) is 71, and the amino acid balance of bamboo sterns is worst. Lysine (Lys) is the first limiting amino acid in bamboo stem, valine (Val) and Met are abundant in bamboo sterns. Methionine (Met) is the first limiting amino acid in bamboo shoots and bamboo leaves. Var and threonine (Thr) is abundant in bamboo shoots and bamboo leaves.Generally, kind of bamboo has the biggest effects. Protein is abundant in leaves and shoots. Bamboo leaves and shoots have the best amino acid ballance. Food has biggest effects on BUN, AST, ALT. We suggest to feed the giant panda bamboo leaves and bamboo sterns or bamboo shoots and bamboo sterns in the same time because of the difference of limiting aminio acid. BUN, AST, ALT are most effected by food. Artificial fodder may be bad for panda especially when they take bamboo shoots.