Research On The Bio-components And Transcriptome Of Tussilago Farfara L.

Ethnopharmacology:Tussilago farfara L.is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine,which could moisten lung,relieve cough and reduce sputum.The biocompounds and mechanism are unclear and there is rare report about the transcriptomics study of Tussilago farfara L..It is traditionally deemed that the buds of Tussilago farfara L.is the effective part while the flower is useless in clinic.The effectiveness of the herbal drug is highly related to the contents of biocompounds.Thereby,the biocompounds can be predicted by comparing the difference between the chemical components and drug efficacy.Objective:To find the biocompounds of Tussilago farfara L.via comparing the chemical and drug efficacy differences and the action targets for relieving cough and reducing sputum biocomponents of Tussilago farfara L.through network pharmacology and validate the accumulation of biocompounds through transcriptomics study.This study is aimed at providing a scientific basis for the proper drug use.Methods:Different stages of Tussilago farfara L.was compared by the chemical and drug efficacy differences to find the relieving cough and reducing sputum biocomponents and the action targets for relieving cough and reducing sputum biocomponents of Tussilago farfara L.through network pharmacology and validate the accumulation of biocompounds through transcriptomics study.Results:1.The chemical and drug efficacy comparison of Tussilago farfara L.with 3 different stages were performed,the results showed that acetic acid?proline?glutamate?formaric acid?caffic acid,EMDNT,Bauer-7-ene-3?,16?-diol,chlorogenic acid,rutin,3,5-O-dicaffeoy lquinic acid,tussilagone,4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid,tussilagone,3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid,tussilagone and?-sitosterol are the relieving cough and reducing sputum biocomponents and valine,isoleucine,3-hydroxy butyric acid,lactic acid,leucine,glutamic acid,choline,glycerin,beta glucose,glycerol phosphatidyl choline are the drug efficacy biomarkers of Tussilago farfara L..The results of MetPA showed that Tussilago farfara L.exerts the efficacy through regulating pathways involving valine,leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis,galactose metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism.2.Network pharmacology results showed that the 11 biocomponents are involved in 11 action target.The target proteins are Eosinophil cationic protein?Interleukin-2?Thyroid hormone receptor alpha?Trafficking protein particle complex subunit 3?Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14?Histamine N-methyltransferase?Macrophage metalloelastase?Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1?Histo-blood group ABO system transferase?Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1and Prostaglandin G/H synthase;The target genes are COX-2?TRAPPC3?MAPK14?HNMT?MMP12?ABO?GSTM1?RNASE3?IL2 and THRA.3.CQT and C3H that are the enzymes related to the biosynthesis of caffeoylquinic acids,COMT that is the enzyme related to the biosynthesis of sinapic acid,FLS that is related to the biosynthesis of quercetin and kaempferol were annotated.According to the results of the expressed genes in the different stages of the development of Tussilago farfara L.,we could see that the highest content of sinapic acid showed in K003 and the highest contents of caffeoylquinic acids,quercetin and kaempferol in K001,which is in agreement with the results of chemical components distribution.Conclusion:Different stages of Tussilago farfara L.was successfully compared by the chemical and drug efficacy differences to find the relieving cough and reducing sputum biocomponents and the action targets for relieving cough and reducing sputum biocomponents of Tussilago farfara L.through network pharmacology.And the chemical results of the accumulation of biocompounds were validated through transcriptomics study.