| Ormosia henryi is included in the precious timber species under state protection(category ii),and.been widely used in high-grade furniture.However,natural regeneration ability of Ormosia henryi is weak, due to reasonable used by people,the resources became fewer and fewer, so it is necessary that cultivate Ormosia henryi plantations by artificial breeding method.Natural distribution of Ormosia henryi is rare, with low fruited rate, seed source is limited.The container seedling was the best method of Ormosia henryi because of saving seeds, In traditional container seedling, due to not know the supply and demand of water and fertilizer of Ormosia henryi seedlings, so not only the seedling quality is lower, and waste water resource and fertilizer. For solve the problem of precision seedling technique problem of Ormosia henryi based on the supply water and fertilizer law This study used Ormosia henryi seeds from Wangmo county of Guizhou in 2013 as materials, to study the regularity of nutrient requirement and water of Ormosia henryi seedling by adopting the method of weighing control water and hydroponics, and studied the coupling effect of water and fertilizer in container seedling of Ormosia henryi through the interactive test of water and fertilizer, the results as follow:Under six different medium substrate contents, both the daily water consumption and monthly water consumption of Ormosia henryi seedlings were small at early growth stage(15-76d) and later growth stage(185-231), the water consumption is bigger at fast growth period(77-184). The daily water consumption presented two peak, they are 92-107 d seedling and 139-169 d seedling respectively,the biggest daily water consumption ranged from 10.12 ml to 18.84 ml.The biggest monthly water consumption appears in August month seedling(136-169d), and ranged from 307.62 ml to 565.26 ml.The total water consumption of seedlingincreased first with soil moisture content increasing, then decreased. When the relative water content was 80 %, the total water consumption of seedling was biggest,with 3870.99 ml water. The maximun water efficiency arise at age of seedling46-76 d,was 0.886g·kg-1.The growth and physiology indices of seedlings existed significant differences(P<0.05)under different substrate water content, when the relative water content of the substrate was 80%, the height, ground diameter, biomass and root indicators of Ormosia henryi seedlings are superior to other water treatment, the total chlorophll content were highest, and the malondialdehyde content, SOD activity, proline content and soluble sugar content were lower. With linear, logarithmic, secondary,logistic equation and power function five kinds of power function fitting the relationship between biomas and water consumption of Ormosia henryi, the fitting effect between seedling height,biomass and water consumption was remarkable using logarithmic function, the correlation coefficient reaches 0.98 above; and the fitting effect between diameter and water consumption was remarkable using power function, with correlation coefficient of 0.975.Considering seedling growth,physiology and water consumption regularities synthetically, we think when relative water content is 80%, not only cultivate the high quality seedling of Ormosia henryi, but also realize the efficient use of water.The N,P,S,K,Mg element daily consumption and month consumption of Ormosia henryi seedling overall appear first rising then declining trend,and Ca element overall appear first declining then rising,and declining again.The N,P,S consumption peak arise in the age of seedling of 139-169d(August),the largest daily consumption and monthly consumption were seedling by treated with 1/2 Hoagland solution. For Ormosia henryi seedling, the overall consumption of N,P,K three elements was larger,and S,Ca,Mg consumption was small, each nutrient element consumption order was: N>K>P>Ca>Mg>S, with the consumption ratio of 45:34:19:8:6:1.The difference of seedling height, ground diameter for Ormosia henryi was most obvious when 108-138 d seedling,with the fastest growing, the net growth of seedling height and ground diameter reached 2.0cm,2.8cm and 2.0cm, 0.42 mm,0.89 mm and 0.72 mm respectively; The accumulation of biomass are different from other indices the accumulation of biomass was relatively stable at each stage, and keep long time increase until the age of seedling to 231 d, no obvious fast increase.The size of the order of seedling height, ground diameter and biomass growth full Hoagland solution > 1/2 Hoagland solution> 1/3Hoagland solution treatment.The N content of Ormosia henryi seedling was largest, the second was K, the P content was minimum, three kinds of elements in Ormosia henryi seedling both show the stem>leaf>root, their distribution ratio was 13:9:6, 17:11:8 and 6:4:3 respectively.The fitting effect of relationship between biomass and N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg consumption of Ormosia henryi seedling under 1/2 Hoagland solution level by quadratic polynomial fitting was remarkable, the correlation coefficient reaches 0.999.Comprehensive considering seedling growth and nutrient consumption characteristics, we think 1/2 Hoagland solution for nutrient supply was the best.By the regulation test of water-fertilizer coupling and irrigation way for Ormosia henryi seedling,the results showed that the growth of Ormosia henryi container seedling were influenced obviously by water supply, but was not influenced by irrigation methods.The height, ground diameter, leaf area and biomass of container seedling under ?B(bottom infiltration irrigation+80 %water + fertilizer) and ?T(top irrigation+80 %water + fertilizer) were maximum, they are higher 22.25 %- 19.55 %, 25.59 %-19.21%, 20.40 %-16.03%, 61.16%- 52.19%than the ?Band ?T, respectively.The root growth also appear optimal performance, and the ratio of c height to diameter is moderate, the seedling growth of aboveground part and underground part is coordinated. The relationship quadratic between biomass and N, P, K, S, Ca,Mg consumption of Ormosia henryi seedling under fitted good by using quadratic,with the correlation coefficient of 0.999.The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b and chlorophyll(a + b) content were affectedobviously by the water supply, but was not influenced by irrigation methods. Both the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b and chlorophyll(a + b) of ?B(bottom infiltration irrigation+80%water + fertilizer) and ?T(top irrigation+80% water + fertilizer) are maximum, there were higher 33.55% and 35.71%, 43.56%and 54.02%, 16.96%and 18.96%, than the ?Band ?Trespectively. The irrigation methods has not effect to of Ormosia henryi at high water supply,but at a low water supply, the proline content of seedling by top irrigation was the higher than bottom irrigation.The soluble sugar content of seedling appeared top irrigation higher than bottom under three kinds of water and fertilizer supply.The EC value of upper substrate for Ormosia henryi container seedling decreased with water supply decling, but the difference of EC value at the middle and the lower substrate was not obvious, the EC value of top irrigation was lower than that of irrigation above the bottom. But when lower water supply, the EC value under two irrigation have no significant difference.At the same substrate, the EC value showed the top > the middle > the lower. The N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg loss quantity of top irrigation are 2.14 times,2.19 times,1.75 times, 1.28 times,1.23 times and 1.32 times of bottom irrigation under 80% relative water content of soil, respectively, The N, P, K, S, Ca,Mg loss quantity of top irrigation were 1.98 times,1.78 times,1.45 times,1.25 times,1.13 times and 1.12 times of bottom irrigation under 70%relative water content of soil, respectively, each nutrient element loss of top and irrigation was equal under 60% relative soil water content.The bottom irrigation can save 20.2% of irrigation water than top irrigation under80% soil relative water content, and save N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg content per plant are4.966 mg,2.871 mg,6.133 mg,0.314 mg, 6.706 mg,2.675mg; The bottom irrigation can save 16.3% of irrigation water than top irrigation under 70% relative water content of soil, and save N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg content per plant are3.253 mg,1.672 mg,3.622 mg,0.196 mg, 3.733 mg,1.004mg; The bottom irrigation can save 7.9% of irrigation water than top irrigation under 60% relative water content of soil, but save fertilizer soil is not obvious. The bottom irrigation was best irrigation method of Ormosia henryi container seeding water irrigation, individual water supplyscheme was: the top water supply was 3870.99 ml. N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg total supply were 908.185 mg, 395.312 mg, 766.685 mg, 27.908 mg, 165.783 mg and 110.262 mg,respectively.The best irrigation method of the Ormosia henryi accurate container seeding was the bottom irrigation. According to the requirement of water and fertilizer, and the results of water-fertilizer coupling testl, we suggested the water and fertilizer supply project at each month of Ormosia henryi container seeding, the annual total water supply of Ormosia henryi container seeding is 3870.99 ml, the annual total supply of N?P?K?S?Ca?Mg are 908.185 mg,395.312 mg,766.685 mg,27.908 mg,165.783 mg,110.262 mg respectively. |
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