Study On Water And Fertilizer Demand Characteristics And Fertigation Technology For High Efficence Cultivation Of Maize In Meddle Semi-Arid Zone Of Ningxia

Maize is an important food and forage crop in the farming pastoral zone of Ningxia province. Water is the most important factor restricting the production of corn, feathers with drought and little rain, as well as an evaporation area of the northern farming-pastoral region in China. It is an inevitable choice of local corn production development to water-saving drip irrigation. To study the effects of different irrigation amount on the growth, physiology and yield of Maize under the condition of drip irrigation, it is important to improve the water and fertilizer use efficiency, yield and quality of maize. In order to study the rules of corn water requirement, dry matter accumulation, fertilizer needed regularity, coordinated effect of water and fertilizer, and integrated management of water and fertilizer of good quality under drip irrigation, Zhengda 12 were used as experiment material though the field experiment and combined with laboratory analysis in Yanchi County of the North Farming-Pastoral Ecotones of China. The high yield and high efficient cultivation technology way will promote the local agricultural production and improve agricultural income of farmers. The main research results are as follows:1. Study on water requirement and suitable drip irrigation amount of drip irrigation corn.Plant height, stem diameter, normalized index NDVI, chlorophyll SPAD value, unit water quality WUE, net photosynthetic rate Pn value,100 grain weight and other indicators were significantly increased with the increase of irrigation amount.The N, P, K accumulation of maize in grain filling stage before the start of the body N, P, K content reached maximum at filling stage after the curve fluctuations.The pattern of root, stem and leaves of plant dry matter accumulation during the grain filling period, namely growth period of 90 days reached the maximum, then descend quickly. The grain dry matter accumulation in grain filling stage increased rapidly with the increase of time and the yield of maize increased exponentially with the increase of drip irrigation in arid area. The water consumption of maize in whole growing period is "middle high and two low". From a depth of 100 cm point of view, the water was concentrated in the 20 cm to 40 cm, and the water content of surface and lower layers was less. In this region, the proportion of water distribution in the growing period of maize should be:seeding stage 17%, before jointing stage to filling stage 49%, filling stage 34%.2. Appropriate application amount of drip irrigation corn fertilizer.Plant height filling stage stem diameter, chlorophyll SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate Pn value,100 grain weight and other indicators increased significantly were increased with the of increase drip irrigation fertilizer application amount. The normalized index NDVI showed an increasing trend with the increase of the amount of drip irrigation fertilizer. With the increase in the amount of drip irrigation fertilizer, plant organs absorb N, P, K percentage content also showed an increasing trend. The relationship between the yield and the application amount of drip irrigation fertilizer was parabolic. After the calculation, the maximum profit of fertilizer 51.12 kg/666.7m2.3. Effects of water and fertilizer on growth and yield of maize.In the arid area, the effect of irrigation on the yield and growth of maize was significantly higher than that of the amount of fertilizer. In the interaction of water and fertilizer, the effect of water on fertilizer was greater than the effect of fertilizer on water.