Effects And Mechanisms Of NO, SA, Ca And Organic Manure On Alleviating Salt Stress In Winter Wheat

Saline soil is a kind of low yield soil that widely distributed inland arid, semi-arid areas in the north, northeast and northwest of China, and coastal areas in the eastern coast. Serious salinization, land utilization decreased, uncultivated land increased, deepened the contradiction between people and land. Selected wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) as the material, by the combined method of hydroponic experiment and field experiment, the effects of exogenous hormones on mineral elements absorption and redox state under salt stress in wheat; effects and mechanism of organic manure on saline alkali soil and wheat plants were studied. The main results are as follows:1 K / Na balance has an important role in Wheat under salt stress. High K / Na ratio was benefit for wheat growth, root occasion appropriate growth(higher Ca concentration) or in the critical period of growth and development had the low concentration of salt concentration, there is conducive to plant to maintain higher K / Na ratio. Suitable concentration of Ca alleviate the excessive Na caused the toxicity of single salt, which is conducive to the maintenance of the cellular ion homeostasis.2 The high concentration of Na+ influence the redox balance of winter wheat; addition exogenous hormones(NO, SA) to wheat plants under salt stress is obviously to alleviate the toxic effect, reduce the active oxygen production rate and improve the activity of antioxidant enzyme.3 Signaling transduction plays a key role in salt stress in wheat. NO and SA are used to control wheat growth and development, meanwhile Ca2+ plays an important role in signal transduction of as the second messenger.4 Application of organic manure on coastal saline alkali soil have obvious improvement, reduce the degree of soil salinization(water soluble total salt, pH, conductivity), especially in flowering stage of winter wheat. Among them, the high amount of organic manure treatment decreased the salinization significantly, there was significant difference to other treatments; organic manure is also beneficial to the improvement of soil enzyme activity. Appled 15 t / ha organic manure, physical and chemical properties of coastal solonchak soil were greatly improved.5 The application of organic manure promoted the growth of wheat, increased grain yield. The study found that, applying organic manure reduced Na content of wheat plants, nitrogen levels increased. Appled 15 t/ha organic manure, coastal solonchak soil physical and chemical properties have been improved greatly, meanwhile, the wheat yield got higher.