Research On Landscape Design Of Street-type Public Building Entrance Environment In Mountainous City

Street-type public buildings take root in the streets of the city,they are always keeping exchanging material and energy with city roads.Their entrance environments occupy a large number of land in the city,they are the link between public buildings and the city,they serve public buildings,and also act as an integral part of urban street space.The way of public building and road connection in mountainous cities is interesting because of the change of terrain,resulting in a lot of clever space organization,but also breed a lot of fragmented corner space,forming an ever-changing street-type entrance environment.But the idea that the street-type entrance environment is regarded as a building attachment is deep-rooted in our head,some of the brutal ways of solving the terrain and many selfish and inhuman designs have created a lot of low utilization space and shoddy landscapes that have led to public environmental problems such as poor public service.Through the data collection and analysis of the street-type public buildings in different mountainous cities at home and abroad,the street-type entrance environment is divided into four different types like the uplifted-type entrance environment,the sunken-type entrance environment,the grounded-type entrance and the integrated-type entrance environment according to the relative height of the public building and road.Wherein the uplifted-type entrance comprises parallel-uplifted type and cross-raised type;the sunken-type entrance comprises parallel-sunken type and cross-sunken type;the grounded-type entrance comprises parallel-grounded type and cross-grounded type;the integrated-type entrance comprises single-side-integrated type,corner-integrated type and opposite-integrated type.The spatial characteristics of various entrance environment landscapes are briefly described.And summarizes the functionalcharacteristics,landscape characteristics,users characteristics of the street entrance environment.This paper analyzes the current situation,the height difference treatment,the traffic organization and the utilization situation of the different types of street-type entrance environment in the main urban area of Chongqing,and summarizes the general layout of the street-type entrance environment is: the sidewalk widening type,the external passway type,the internal passway Type,the internal and external passway type.The passway interface of different types of entrance also includes different height processing modes.From the cross section,the height difference mode of the interface of the uplifted-type entrance environment and sunken-type entrance environment is mainly: ramp type,external stair type,internal stairway type,stair-distribution type,side-divided type;the height difference mode of the interface of the grounded-type entrance is: horizontal type,declining type,order reduction type and platform type.Landscape interface treatment methods include: plants,water,landscape wall,sculpture,activity facilities,infrastructure and so on.And analyzes the environmental problems existed in the entrance of public buildings in Chongqing,and sums up the problems such as unfriendly environment,fragmentation of space and unreasonable design.Finally,the author discusses the environmental problems of the street-type entrance of the urban public buildings in the mountainous cities,and puts forward the top-down planning and design strategy of it.It pointed out that the four kinds of design thinking modes are: 1.The thinking mode of beads-style urban space design(for publicized entrance space);2.The thinking mode of place the space allocation in front(for continuous walking space);3.The thinking mode of integrated urban landscape design(for integrated road landscape);4.The thinking mode of entrance landscape design advancing with the times(for quality environmental landscape).These four ideas have universal guiding significance for designing different types of entrance environments.And different design strategies are put forward for the characteristics of the uplifted-type,the sunken-type,the grounded-type and the integrated-type entrance environment respectively.