An Optimization Study Of Public Bicycle Station Layout Problem

With the rapid development of urbanization in our country, the bike-sharing systems have developed as the research focus of the government, relevant companies and scholars. More Chinese cities will participate into the continuing popularity of public bicycle system, and how to construct and operate the public bicycle system more scientifically and rationally is also important. The design layout of the public bicycle stations (station distribution, rational station scale, bicycle system integrity) is one of the important factors that influences the choice of users. Chinese public bicycle planning and research explore the appropriate operating mode and technology path gradually with foreign experience. In the operation process of bike-sharing system, the demand will change with its service, which may relate to the bike facilities,public transport, and transportation characteristics. So the reallocation of bicycle station must meet the changed demand in different periods. Based on this background, this paper will study the problem of bicycle station layout optimization.Firstly, the paper analyzes the structure of bike-sharing system and the bicycle station type. The key of bicycle station layout is to determine the station spacing and station scale. In the operation process of bike-sharing system, the unreasonable station distribution will result in mismatching with the changed demand. In the theory, the paper summarizes the characteristics and shortcoming of the capacity constrained facility location model, and then puts forwards to the main ides of the problem of bicycle station layout optimization.Secondly, based on the problem description, the premise and the assumption of the optimization model, the paper develops a mathematical model to minimize the total travel time of all users within the constraints of total investment budget, station traffic demand and service level. Combining with objective function and constraints in the proposed model, the LINGO software is used to obtain the optimal scheme of the station layout within the changed demand in different periods.Finally, we take the public bicycle system in Zhongshan as a case study to verify the rationality and feasibility of the model. And we set the appropriate model parameters to obtain of the optimal scheme, which may provide optimal reference for decision makers.