Research On The Evolution History Of Modern Urban Planning In Lanzhou

Lanzhou as the “Eight Cities” is the first batch of industrial construction city after new China establishment during the first Five-Year-Plan,the first edition of urban comprehensive planning of Lanzhou is also approved as the first urban comprehensive planning by the State Construction Committee after new China establishment,Now Lanzhou as the important Silk Road Economic Belt node city,Lanzhou New Area as the fifth national new area,the evolution history of modern urban planning in Lanzhou is worth us to pay attention and research in more than 60 years development history of urban planning of new China,and the status can not be ignored in modern urban planning history of China.The paper focused on the subject of modern urban planning history in Lanzhou,from 1954 to 1978,from 2001 to2001,the four editions of Lanzhou urban comprehensive planning witnessing two 30 years from Planned Economy Period to Reform and Opening-up Period of new China.Combed the history of politics and economic development of new China,we can better understanding the background of the evolution of urban planning history in Lanzhou,by staging the historical of modern urban planning in Lanzhou and analyzing the core elements evolution of modern urban planning history in Lanzhou,one hand to summarizing the nature of the evolution development of Lanzhou which in the northwest of inland,on the other hand to seeing urban planning development history of new China.In the dynamic mechanism evolution of urban planning,Lanzhou become one of the“Eight Cities” which established the first petroleum chemical industry base during the first Five-Year-Plan,there are six projects from the “156 key industrial projects” settled in opened the modernization construction in Lanzhou.In “Third-line Construction” period,Lanzhou as the key area of “Third-line Construction” and become a important national defense industrial and scientific research base.Lanzhou plays a leading role in the thirty years of Planned Economy Period,no matter in the social and economic development or urban planning and construction.Period of Reform and Opening-up,along with the transfer of the national economic center of gravity and the reform of economic system,the economic status of Lanzhou has been falling again and again,but the advantage of traffic location becoming strengthened.The fundamental reason for this series support of national great decision lies in the strategic position of Lanzhou,the unique geographical form of Gansu partitioned Qinghai,Ningxia,Xinjiang,Inner Mongolia and Tibet which have similar religious beliefs,Lanzhou as the gateway of northwest China and the administrative center of Gansu province,under the geopolitical and regional culture influence,the strategic security is more important than economic development,the more important role is to keep the stability of ecological environment and to maintain the harmony of national regions,Lanzhou still shoulders theirreplaceable function in homeland security and national stability of security and stability of northwest China.In the spatial pattern evolution of urban planning,the first edition of Lanzhou urban comprehensive planning come up with the spatial pattern of “Multi-center Group Structure”along the Yellow River,established the prototype of the urban spatial structure in modern Lanzhou,providing a larger space for Lanzhou's urban development and construction.With the rapid development of urbanization in 90 s,the contradiction between two mountains besides the Yellow River landform and further expansion of urban development space become more and more serious,Lanzhou began to seek new space of urban development.Lanzhou National New Area as the first state-level new area in the northwest China,solved the less land bottleneck restriction and provided a widen space to expand.Although Lanzhou New Area development is slow at this stage,there is still a long way to achieving from a white paper to a growth pole,but Lanzhou National New Area joint the area of Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia provinces and bear the mission of old area extension,it is a new historical opportunity to Lanzhou by national support undoubtedly.In the “One Belt And One Road”rise to national strategy,in the regional synergy of Lanzhou,Xining urban agglomeration,the development potential of Lanzhou New Area is huge and it is also the economic growth pole of future Lanzhou.In the urban planning paradigm evolution,from 1954 edition based on the Soviet planning as a blueprint,compiled the first edition of urban comprehensive planning with the help of Soviet union experts guidance,to 1978 edition began to independent innovation on the background of the Soviet planning model compiled the second edition of Lanzhou urban comprehensive planning,then from 2001 edition on the background of the American-European planning mode compiled the third edition of Lanzhou urban comprehensive planning,finally to 2011 edition on the background of learning to absorb more foreign planning model to compiled the fourth edition of Lanzhou urban comprehensive planning in independent innovation of China,the compilation of the four editions of urban comprehensive planning in Lanzhou has witnessed the urban planning development of the two 30 years of new China,and also represents the "source" and "flow" of modern urban planning paradigm of China.In more than 60 years course of the development of modern urban planning in China,except the Soviet planning model has obvious intervention by the national will of Planned Economy,the European and American planning model as for independent innovation by reference and learning,while the traditional Chinese planning mode and independent innovation planning model,which existed as a continuous existence in the evolution history of modern urban planning in Lanzhou,but each edition have a deep connection of the political and economic environment and following the mainstream thoughtof planning at that time,the evolution of modern urban planning paradigm in Lanzhou in some way represents the developing track of modern urban planning in China.From the dynamic mechanism,spatial pattern and urban planning paradigm evolution to research modern urban planning history in Lanzhou,summarizing the content law and lessons learned that can be used for reference in the process of urban development and providing theoretical reference and practical guidance for the new urban planning of Lanzhou,on the other hand reflecting rights and wrongs of urban planning development over the past 60 years and riching historical and theoretical research system of modern urban planning in China.