Response Characteristics Of Airborne Antenna Exposed To Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse

Nuclear electromagnetic pulse generated by High-altitude nuclear explosion is featured by great strength,wide spectrum,very short rise time,a wide range of damage and it can affect the equipment or systems that are thousands of kilometers away from the explosion point.The high-flying aircraft will often suffer from the problem of nuclear electromagnetic pulse interference,and antenna is usually located in the external of aircraft,so more susceptible to the interference of electromagnetic pulse.This paper will make a brief analysis of the generation mechanism,waveform parameters,coupling path and failure effect of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse environment and apply a more extensive standard double exponential waveform as the nuclear electromagnetic pulse excitation waveform to make a study of nuclear electromagnetic impulse response characteristics of airborne antenna.Then,in this paper,the helical antenna and the ultra short wave antenna under the nuclear electromagnetic radiation are simulated,and the response characteristics of the antenna at different incident angles of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse are studied.At the same time,the nuclear electromagnetic pulse response characteristics when pitch and turns of helical antenna changes and the skin size which connection to the pedestal of the ultra short wave antenna are analyzed and therefore some regular conclusion is summarized.The results show that: 1)The nuclear electromagnetic pulse coupling voltage waveform of the helical antenna is damping of sine wave,and the peak value of the coupling voltage increases with the increase of the incident angle,when the incident angle is 90o,the coupling is the strongest.The coupling energy of 98% of the helical antenna is mainly concentrated within 100 MHz,Pitch and turns of helical antenna increasing will lead to the coupling voltage,instantaneous power and deposition energy increases.The decay time of the coupling voltage decreases with increasing the pitch,increases with the increase of number of turns;2)The nuclear electromagnetic pulse coupling voltage waveform of the ultra short wave antenna is damping of shock wave,and the peak value of the coupling voltage increases with the increase of the incident angle,when the incident angle is 90o,the coupling is the strongest.The coupling energy of 98% of the helical antenna is mainly concentrated within 300 MHz,coupling voltage,instantaneous power and deposition energy increases with the increase of the skin size which connection to the pedestal of the ultra short wave antenna,and the increase trend decreased with the increase of the skin size,the final leveling off.Finally,set up the experimental platform,the referential of the simulation results is verified by the cooperative experiment.The results can be extended to nuclear electromagnetic pulse response characteristics of other antenna.At the same time,the results has certain guiding significance for the nuclear electromagnetic pulse protection and reinforcement technology of the antenna system.