Strategy And Effect Assessment Of Demand Response Under Retail Power Market Deregulation

With the development of economy and the progress of the society, the disadvantages of power as a monopoly industry gradually revealed. Since Chile introducing market mechanism in 1982, the electric power industry reform worldwide. Many countries improve production efficiency and the utilization of resources, through the deregulation. China also has experienced the reform process which include "funding for power generation", "separation enterprise from government", "plant separated from net" and "dividing the main and subsidiary". The stage of retail power market deregulation is coming now. The operation experience of existing electric power market indicate demand response strategy can effectively restrain the price spikes, guarantee the safe and stabilization of power grid and increase total social welfare, in the market environment. Hence, the introduction of the demand response has an important significance to China, under retail power market deregulation.Firstly, this thesis analyzes operation mode of power markets under the different marketization progress. The flow process of electricity and relationship between each participations have be introduced in different modes. Moreover, after retail power market deregulation, power retailers will exist whose effect and position have been described. Through the power retailers, demand response participate in the market by pattern of virtual power plant (VPP). Based on the cost function of incentive-based demand response (IBDR) and price-sensitive demand response (PSDR), the pattern of IBDR-VPP and PSDR-VPP are established. In addition, indexes of comprehensive benefit and marginal benefit are proposed to evaluate the result of demand response.Secondly, after the analysis of the power market in PJM and Northern Europe, pattern of electric energy market pattern considering demand response is established, in which IBDR-VPP and PSDR-VPP are involved. This pattern proposes to maximize the social welfare under the constraints of generators, retailors and market and to optimize the market clearing price (MCP) and market clearing energy. The contrast of 4 numerical examples indicates that participation of demand response in market can not only save the cost of generators, but also suppress oscillation of MCP. Furthermore, the indexes of comprehensive benefit and marginal benefit are improved.Thirdly, Based on the energy pattern and the comparison of ancillary services markets in California and New England, the independent energy and ancillary services market pattern and united energy and ancillary services market pattern are established. Independent market pattern aims at minimizing the cost of ancillary services, besides united market pattern proposes to maximize the social welfare. Simulation results demonstrate that united pattern is more efficient, in which the cost of ancillary services is less. It can enhance the enthusiasm of ancillary services supply, to the generators.Finally, pricing mechanism of untied pattern is narrated. In the mechanism, energy clearing price and ancillary services clearing price have an interaction effect on the other. Simulation result demonstrates that the clearing price significantly increases in the state of load peak. Moreover, the untied pattern considering demand response is proposed. Case study indicates that DR will reduce the clearing price in the load peak effectively. It demonstrates that DR can not only increase the indexes of comprehensive benefit and marginal benefit, but also promote the development of ancillary services market.